Odpověď z MediaWiki API

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        "gapcontinue": "SUS",
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            "*": "Subscribe to the mediawiki-api-announce mailing list at <https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-api-announce> for notice of API deprecations and breaking changes."
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        "revisions": {
            "*": "Because \"rvslots\" was not specified, a legacy format has been used for the output. This format is deprecated, and in the future the new format will always be used."
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                "title": "SOS",
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                        "contentformat": "text/x-wiki",
                        "contentmodel": "wikitext",
                        "*": "[[Soubor:Msmt.jpg]]\n\n [[Soubor:Oa_licencecc_cc_by_rectangle.png|150px]]\n \n Toto d\u00edlo podl\u00e9h\u00e1 licenci\u00a0[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.cs Creative Commons Uve\u010fte p\u016fvod 4.0 Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed License].\n\n\n'''Zm\u011bny t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se tohoto p\u0159edm\u011btu v dal\u0161\u00edch letech'''<br>\nNa z\u00e1klad\u011b podn\u011bt\u016f student\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tento p\u0159edm\u011bt vykonali v prvn\u00edm roce jeho existence, jsme se rozhodli ud\u011blat n\u011bkolik zm\u011bn, kter\u00fdma by jsme cht\u011bli na tyto p\u0159ipom\u00ednky reagovat.<br><br>\n''Co by jsme cht\u011bli zm\u011bnit:''<br>\n* Ve cvi\u010den\u00edch t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se programov\u00e1n\u00ed v jazyce BASH budou l\u00e9pe voleny vstupn\u00ed soubory tak, aby nedoch\u00e1zelo k probl\u00e9m\u016fm s \u010de\u0161tinou.\n* Jako doporu\u010den\u00fd jazyk p\u0159i instalaci bude angli\u010dtina, kl\u00e1vesnice pak u\u017e dle libosti ka\u017ed\u00e9ho.\n<!--* Pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed firewallu bude k dispozici p\u0159ipraven\u00fd virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d s minimalistickou distribuc\u00ed GNU/Linux.-->\n* Pro instalaci Debianu na vlastn\u00ed notebooku bude doporu\u010deno pou\u017e\u00edt instala\u010dn\u00ed DVD tak, aby instalace nebyla z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na kvalit\u011b p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.\n* Ke ka\u017ed\u00e9mu t\u00e9matu budou k dispozici na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova, jej\u00ed\u017e v\u00fdznam bude prob\u00edran\u00fd na p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce.\n* Ji\u017e od po\u010d\u00e1tku budeme lp\u011bt na vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 spr\u00e1v\u011b pomoc\u00ed protokolu SSH.\n* Od po\u010d\u00e1tku bude virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed stroj obsahovat dv\u011b s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty.\n* Vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f v z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9m testu bude na z\u00e1klad\u011b vstupn\u00edho souboru.\n<br>\n''Co osv\u011bd\u010dilo:''<br>\n* P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky z\u016fstanou v\u00edce interaktivn\u00ed s praktick\u00fdmi uk\u00e1zkami.\n* Zachov\u00e1 se bodov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech cvi\u010den\u00ed s m\u00edrn\u00fdm p\u0159ebytkem bod\u016f.\n* Obt\u00ed\u017enost \u00faloh ve cvi\u010den\u00ed se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt dosta\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed.\n* Fin\u00e1ln\u00ed test bude op\u011bt obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b je to nutn\u00e9 proto, aby se odd\u011blili v\u00fdborn\u00ed, dob\u0159\u00ed a pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00ed studenti. Pro nov\u00e1\u010dky to bude obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, ale zajist\u00e9 splniteln\u00e9. Obt\u00ed\u017enost bude odpov\u00eddat znalostem studenta vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly.\n\n\n<big>'''P\u0159edm\u011bt Spr\u00e1va opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f'''</big><br><br>\n== Podm\u00ednky absolvov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011btu ==\n=== Denn\u00ed studium ===\n* P\u0159edm\u011bt je hodnocen klasifikovan\u00fdm z\u00e1po\u010dtem. Pro jeho z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed z\u00edskat minim\u00e1ln\u011b 30 bod\u016f ze cvi\u010den\u00ed a minim\u00e1ln\u011b 30 bod\u016f z fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu.\n* V\u0161echna cvi\u010den\u00ed budou bodovan\u00e1. Ve cvi\u010den\u00edch se budou \u0159e\u0161it \u00fakoly t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se spr\u00e1vy opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Linux.\n* Cvi\u010den\u00ed bude celkem 9 p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e na ka\u017ed\u00e9m cvi\u010den\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete obdr\u017eet a\u017e 8 bod\u016f.\n\n* Posledn\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed bude prob\u00edhat pouze z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fd test. Tento test bude hodnocen maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 50 body. V z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9m testu bude muset student prok\u00e1zat, komplexn\u00ed znalosti spr\u00e1vy opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd student dostane specifick\u00fd \u00fakol t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se nasazen\u00ed OS Linux jako serveru. Od studenta se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017ee provede instalaci serveru a korektn\u00ed instalaci po\u017eadovan\u00fdch slu\u017eeb.\n\n* Cvi\u010den\u00ed nebudou nahrazov\u00e1na a proto zcela z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b je celkov\u00fd mo\u017en\u00fd bodov\u00fd zisk v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 100 bod\u016f, pokud se tedy na n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze cvi\u010den\u00ed nedostav\u00edte nebo z organiza\u010dn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f cvi\u010den\u00ed odpadne, st\u00e1le m\u00e1te mo\u017enost z\u00edskat pln\u00fd po\u010det bod\u016f.\n\n=== Kombinovan\u00e9 studium ===\n* P\u0159edm\u011bt je hodnocen klasifikovan\u00fdm z\u00e1po\u010dtem. Pro jeho z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed z\u00edskat minim\u00e1ln\u011b 30 bod\u016f z jednotliv\u00fdch tutori\u00e1l\u016f a minim\u00e1ln\u011b 30 bod\u016f z fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu.\n* Tutori\u00e1l\u016f bude celkem 4 a v\u0161echny budou bodovan\u00e9. V tutori\u00e1lech se budou \u0159e\u0161it \u00fakoly t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se spr\u00e1vy opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu Linux. Za ka\u017ed\u00fd tutori\u00e1l je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat a\u017e 15 bod\u016f.\n\n* Posledn\u00ed tutori\u00e1l bude prob\u00edhat pouze z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fd test. Tento test bude hodnocen maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 50 body. V z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9m testu bude muset student prok\u00e1zat, komplexn\u00ed znalosti spr\u00e1vy opera\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. Ka\u017ed\u00fd student dostane specifick\u00fd \u00fakol t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se nasazen\u00ed OS Linux jako serveru. Od studenta se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017ee provede instalaci serveru a korektn\u00ed instalaci po\u017eadovan\u00fdch slu\u017eeb.\n\n== Co m\u016f\u017eete od tohoto p\u0159edm\u011btu o\u010dek\u00e1vat ==\nP\u0159edm\u011bt Spr\u00e1va opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f by v\u00e1s m\u011bl sezn\u00e1mit s principy, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech Unixov\u00e9ho typu. Sezn\u00e1m\u00edte se velmi podrobn\u011b s t\u00edm jak syst\u00e9m funguje. Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed syst\u00e9mu, zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, jak\u00e9 jsou zvyklosti p\u0159i konfiguraci a spr\u00e1v\u011b slu\u017eeb. Jak\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje se vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch. P\u0159esto \u017ee v\u00fduka bude prob\u00edhat na distribuci Debian, principy jsou identick\u00e9 pro v\u0161echny distribuce OS Linux, ale tak\u00e9 pro v\u011bt\u0161inu syst\u00e9m\u016f unixov\u00e9ho typu.\n\n== Co od tohoto p\u0159edm\u011btu o\u010dek\u00e1vat nem\u016f\u017eete ==\n* Pot\u00e9 co vykon\u00e1m tento p\u0159edm\u011bt budu Linuxov\u00fd spr\u00e1vce - chyba, cesta k dobr\u00e9mu Linuxov\u00e9mu spr\u00e1vci je p\u0159es mnoho probd\u011bl\u00fdch noc\u00ed nad konfiguracema, kompilacema a jin\u00fdma komplikacema. Dobr\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vce z v\u00e1s ud\u011bl\u00e1 jen dobr\u00e1 zku\u0161enost a tu ve \u0161kole nez\u00edsk\u00e1te.\n* <u><b>Programovat se bude!!! A hodn\u011b.</b></u> - Spr\u00e1va Linuxu je o programov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm. Bez toho aby jste um\u011bli programovat ve skriptovac\u00edm jazyce Bash nebo jin\u00e9m jazyce se p\u0159i spr\u00e1v\u011b prost\u011b neobejdete. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad si p\u0159edstavte, \u017ee m\u00e1te server kde je 10tis u\u017eivatel\u016f a vy m\u00e1te zjistit kdo se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k dosa\u017een\u00ed diskov\u00e9 quoty a poslat mu email. D\u00e1 se to samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ud\u011blat skriptem na p\u00e1r \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f nebo to m\u016f\u017eete d\u011blat t\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce ru\u010dn\u011b :-).\n\n== Literatura ==\nObrovsk\u00e1 v\u00fdhoda Linuxov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta je to \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina v\u011bc\u00ed je velmi dob\u0159e a podrobn\u011b zdokumentov\u00e1na. Webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek i ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 literatury je opravdu velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. V\u0161echna t\u00e9mata, kter\u00e1 budeme prob\u00edrat jsou ji\u017e velmi dob\u0159e pops\u00e1na na webu. U ka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky se budu sna\u017eit uv\u00e9st n\u011bkolik odkaz\u016f na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky v\u011bnovan\u00e9 prob\u00edran\u00e9 t\u00e9matice.<br><br>\n''Doporu\u010den\u00e9 weby:''\n* http://www.root.cz\n* http://wikipedia.org\n* http://www.linuxexpres.cz\n\n''Doporu\u010den\u00e9 knihy:''\n* Kolektiv autor\u016f. Linux - Dokumenta\u010dn\u00ed projekt. 4. vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. Brno: Computer Press, 2007. ISBN: 978-80-251-1525-1\n* SNYDER, Garth; HEIN, Trent; NEMETH, Evi. Linux : Kompletn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edru\u010dka administr\u00e1tora, 2. aktualizovan\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. [s.l.]\u00a0: Computer Press, 2008. 976 s.\n* JEL\u00cdNEK, Luk\u00e1\u0161. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme vlastn\u00ed distribuci Linuxu. Brno : Computer Press, 2010. 304 s. ISBN 978\u00ad80\u00ad251\u00ad2433\u00ad8\n* JEL\u00cdNEK, Luk\u00e1\u0161. J\u00e1dro syst\u00e9mu Linux. Brno : Computer Press, 2008. 688 s. ISBN 978\u00ad80 251\u00ad2084\u00ad2\n\n''English book''\n* http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/linuxfun.pdf\n* http://www.tldp.org\n\n== Co budete pot\u0159ebovat na cvi\u010den\u00ed ==\nNa cvi\u010den\u00edch budeme pracovat ve virtualizovan\u00e9m po\u010d\u00edta\u010di. Jako virtualiza\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed jsme zvolili [https://www.virtualbox.org/ Virtualbox] a to z mnoha d\u016fvod\u016f. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm je to voln\u011b \u0161i\u0159iteln\u00fd a multiplatform\u00e1ln\u00ed program, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee bez omezen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat ka\u017ed\u00fd. \n\nPokud budete pracovat na cvi\u010den\u00ed na \u0161koln\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, po\u017e\u00e1dejte vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho o nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed diskov\u00e9 quoty.\n\n== T\u00e9mata jednotliv\u00fdch p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek a navazuj\u00edc\u00edch cvi\u010den\u00ed ==\n<b>V dob\u011b distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduky byla v\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek zpracov\u00e1na i na youtube. P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky budou k dispozici v\u017edy pot\u00e9 co prob\u011bhne \"\u017eiv\u00e1\" p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka. V p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161k\u00e1ch nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u0161echny informace zcela aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed!</b>\n<hr>\n<!-- <youtube width=\"200\" height=\"180\">iCzR2jCrMH8</youtube> -->\n=== Prvn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka ===\n <youtube width=\"200\" height=\"180\">w3lsMLrR7js</youtube><br>\n Zapn\u011bte si pros\u00edm titulky, pokud ud\u011bl\u00e1m p\u0159i v\u00fdkladu chybu, p\u00ed\u0161u pozn\u00e1mky do titulk\u016f. \n\nHistorie OS Unix a jeho v\u00fdvoj[http://www.root.cz/texty/historie-operacniho-systemu-gnulinux/]; \nOS Linux vznik a koncepce [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/aktuality/dvacet-let-linuxu-jak-to-bylo]; \nDistribude OS Linux [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seznam_distribuc%C3%AD_Linuxu] [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/distro/srovnani-linuxovych-distribuci]; \nP\u0159\u00edkazov\u00fd \u0159\u00e1dek; mo\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1dku, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazy [http://www.root.cz/clanky/prikazovy-radek-pritel-nejvernejsi/];\nv\u00fdznam slo\u017eek v ko\u0159enov\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i [http://cs.wikibooks.org/wiki/Linux:Adres%C3%A1%C5%99ov%C3%A1_struktura]\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Pr\u00e1ce se software Virtualbox [https://www.virtualbox.org/].\n# Doporu\u010duji prostudovat dokumentaci k tomuto programu.\n# Pracujete-li na \u0161koln\u00edm PC za\u017e\u00e1dejte si u cvi\u010d\u00edc\u00edho nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 quoty.\n\n* Instalace distribuce Debian do virtualizovan\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed [http://www.debian.org/] [http://www.debian.cz/].\n# Do domovsk\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e st\u00e1hn\u011bte iso soubor s aktu\u00e1ln\u00edm instal\u00e1torem distribude Debin ve verzi netinstal <br><br>[https://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst https://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst] pro syst\u00e9my s procesorem amd64 (i386 je u\u017e asi historie).\n# Pokud pracujete na vlastn\u00edm notebooku d\u016frazn\u011b doporu\u010duji pou\u017e\u00edt pro instalaci DVD iso soubory [https://www.debian.org/CD/http-ftp/#stable]. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b velk\u00e9ho vyt\u00ed\u017een\u00ed WiFi je instalace pomoc\u00ed 'netinstal' velmi zdlouhav\u00e1.\n# Vytvo\u0159te nov\u00fd virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d s n\u00e1zvem Debian, typu Linux, verze Debian\n# Pro instalaci virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho PC posta\u010d\u00ed i minimum pam\u011bti\n# Vytvo\u0159te virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed pevn\u00fd disk typu VDI nebo VMDK, Dynamicky alokovan\u00fd o velikosti 8GB\n# P\u0159epn\u011bte se do menu Global Tools a vytvo\u0159te nov\u00fd s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd interface s n\u00e1zvem 'vboxnet0', nastaven\u00ed ponechte defaultn\u00ed. \n# Pro virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed PC navolte dv\u011b s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty, prvn\u00ed uve\u010fte do stavu NAT a druhou do stavu 'Host only adapter' (V menu Virtualboxu v polo\u017ece File->Preferences->Network->H.only networks, mus\u00ed existovat alespo\u0148 jedna s\u00ed\u0165 typu hostonly)\n# Spus\u0165te vytvo\u0159en\u00fd virtualizovan\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d a nastavte jako CD sta\u017een\u00fd iso soubor \n# Spus\u0165te instalaci distribuce Debian v textov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed (grafick\u00fd instal\u00e1tor b\u00fdv\u00e1 pomalej\u0161\u00ed)\n## Pro instalaci doporu\u010duji zvolit anglick\u00fd jazyk, dle libosti je mo\u017en\u00e9 volit i \u010de\u0161tinu, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed '''\u010cesk\u00e1 republika''' a kl\u00e1vesnice dle libosti\n## Pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k s\u00edti zvolte rozhran\u00ed za\u0159azen\u00e9 do s\u00edt\u011b NAT, typicky enp0s3\n## Zvolte jm\u00e9no po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, zadejte dom\u00e9nu (doporu\u010duji vsb.cz), heslo pro u\u017eivatele root a vytvo\u0159te b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele a takt\u00e9\u017e mu zadejte heslo.\n## Rozd\u011blen\u00ed disku zvolte Asistovan\u00e9 - pou\u017e\u00edt cel\u00fd disk, vyberte virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed disk, za\u0159a\u010fte v\u0161echny soubory do jedn\u00e9 oblasti a zapi\u0161te zm\u011bny na disk.\n## Pokud se instala\u010dn\u00ed proces zept\u00e1 na dal\u0161\u00ed CD tak tento dotaz ignorujte, pokud instalaci prov\u00e1d\u00edte z 'CD netinstall'. Instalujele-li z kompletn\u00ed sady DVD, proskenujte i dal\u0161\u00ed DVD.\n## Nastavte spr\u00e1vce bal\u00edk\u016f pro \u010ceskou republiku, ze serveru ftp.cz.debian.org, bez proxy serveru.\n## K pr\u016fzkumu popularity bal\u00edk\u016f se p\u0159ipojovat nemus\u00edte.\n## Vyberte pro instalaci program SSH Server a '''zru\u0161te''' v\u00fdb\u011br v\u0161ech ostatn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f.\n## Pros\u00edm neinstalujte grafick\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed. To na server nepat\u0159\u00ed.\n## Zvolte instalaci zavad\u011b\u010de GRUB do hlavn\u00edho zav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edho z\u00e1znamu do za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed /dev/sda\n## Dokon\u010dete instalaci, spus\u0165te v\u00e1\u0161 Debian a p\u0159ihlaste se jako u\u017eivatel root nebo jako b\u011b\u017en\u00fd u\u017eivatel\n## Pro 'o\u017eiven\u00ed' druh\u00e9 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 karty zadejte ve va\u0161em Debianu pod u\u017eivatelem root: ''dhclient enp0s8'', t\u00edm z\u00edsk\u00e1 toto rozhran\u00ed IP adresu a vy se na virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed PC m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159ipojit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm protokolu SSH, jakou IP adresu va\u0161e virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed PC z\u00edskalo zjist\u00edte  p\u0159\u00edkazem ''ip address''\n\n* Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazy pro pr\u00e1ci v p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dku [http://wiki.ubuntu.cz/z%C3%A1kladn%C3%AD_p%C5%99%C3%ADkazy] [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/blog/kibo/2006/5/prikazovy-radek]\n# P\u0159ihlaste se do va\u0161eho Debianu a vyzkou\u0161ejte si v\u0161echny z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazy pro pr\u00e1ci v p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dce.\n# Pro ve\u0161kerou dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci je nutn\u00e9 zvl\u00e1dnou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed operace v p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dce. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm vytvo\u0159en\u00ed, smaz\u00e1n\u00ed, kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159esouv\u00e1n\u00ed soubor\u016f \u010di slo\u017eek, pohyb v adres\u00e1\u0159ov\u00e9 struktu\u0159e. Pro dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ci je tak\u00e9 nutn\u00e9 um\u011bt pou\u017e\u00edvat alespo\u0148 jeden textov\u00fd editor.\n# Pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky doporu\u010duji do syst\u00e9mu doinstalovat Midnight Commander p\u0159\u00edkazem ''apt install mc''.\n<br>\n* Je pro v\u00e1s tak\u00e9 k dispozici zip soubor se zkomprimovanou slo\u017ekou Debian s \u010distou instalac\u00ed Debianu. Heslo pro roota je root a u\u017eivatel je sei01 a heslo je sei01. Zip soubor je k dispozici zde: [http://www2.cs.vsb.cz/seidl/iso/Debian.tar.gz Debian-VirtualBox]\n<br>\n\n=== Druh\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka ===\n <youtube width=\"200\" height=\"180\">ZywdNYbmE94</youtube><br>\n Zapn\u011bte si pros\u00edm titulky, pokud ud\u011bl\u00e1m p\u0159i v\u00fdkladu chybu, p\u00ed\u0161u pozn\u00e1mky do titulk\u016f.\n\n '''Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova:'''\n standardn\u00ed v\u00fdstup a standardn\u00ed chybov\u00fd v\u00fdstup, p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u00edpa, n\u00e1vratov\u00fd k\u00f3d funkce\n cat, cut, grep, sort, tr, echo\n #!/bin/bash, . , for, switch, while, until, $@, $0, $1, $$ , $# .....\n if...then...else , test, []\n\nProgramov\u00e1n\u00ed ve skriptovac\u00edm jazyku BASH; prom\u011bnn\u00e9, cykly [https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/bash-for-loop/], podm\u00ednky [http://www.root.cz/clanky/programovani-v-bash-shellu/]; \nProgram sed [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sed] [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/clanky/navody/unixove-nastroje-9-sed-nahrazovani-textu] a expanze prom\u011bnn\u00fdch [https://is.muni.cz/el/1433/jaro2004/PV004/um/1283/20310.html]\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Pr\u00e1ce v p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1dku; operace p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed.\n* Interpret p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f, v\u00edcen\u00e1sobn\u00e9 p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed, cykly.\n\n Chcete-li vyu\u017e\u00edvat utilitku 'GET' nainstalujte si n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed bal\u00edk 'apt install libwww-perl'\n\nNa stoln\u00edm PC kter\u00e9 je v u\u010debn\u011b pros\u00edm klikn\u011bte na odkaz: [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/skupina.php]<br>\n\u00dakoly: \n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Ve va\u0161em serveru v adres\u00e1\u0159i /opt/SOS vytvo\u0159te stejnou adres\u00e1\u0159ovou strukturu jako je na serveru linedu.vsb.cz v adres\u00e1\u0159i /home/fei (pouze vytvo\u0159it adres\u00e1\u0159e bez u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v). Vytvo\u0159te pouze ty adres\u00e1\u0159e kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed \u010d\u00edslice \"00\".\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        V ka\u017ed\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i vytvo\u0159it soubor se jm\u00e9nem t\u0159\u00ed soused\u016f nad a t\u0159\u00ed pod aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed slo\u017ekou\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Ve va\u0161em serveru v adres\u00e1\u0159i /opt/SOS vytvo\u0159te adres\u00e1\u0159ovou strukturu kde n\u00e1zev adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f bude odpov\u00eddat n\u00e1zv\u016fm v\u0161ech obc\u00ed v \u010cR jej\u00ed\u017e n\u00e1zev obsahuje \"ova\" a neobsahuje slovo \"Nova\". P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 mezery nahra\u010fte podtr\u017e\u00edtky. Seznam obc\u00ed v textov\u00e9 podob\u011b najdete zde: http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/seznam-obci-cr.txt\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        V ka\u017ed\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i vytvo\u0159it soubor se jm\u00e9nem obc\u00ed kter\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed na stejn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no.\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Ve va\u0161em serveru v adres\u00e1\u0159i /opt/SOS vytvo\u0159te adres\u00e1\u0159ovou strukturu kde n\u00e1zev adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f bude odpov\u00eddat n\u00e1zv\u016fm v\u0161ech obc\u00ed nebo jejich \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v \u010cR, jejich\u017e sm\u011brovac\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo obsahuje \u010d\u00edslici 5. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 mezery nahra\u010fte podtr\u017e\u00edtky. Seznam obc\u00ed s PS\u010c v textov\u00e9 podob\u011b najdete zde: http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/obce_psc.csv.txt\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        V ka\u017ed\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i vytvo\u0159it soubor se jm\u00e9nem obc\u00ed ze stejn\u00e9ho okresu\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Ve va\u0161em serveru v adres\u00e1\u0159i /opt/SOS vytvo\u0159te adres\u00e1\u0159ovou strukturu kde n\u00e1zev adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f bude odpov\u00eddat n\u00e1zv\u016fm v\u0161ech po\u0161t v \u010cR jej\u00ed\u017e telefonn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo obsahuje \u010d\u00edslici 5 a neobsahuje dvojici \u010d\u00edslic 55. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 mezery nahra\u010fte podtr\u017e\u00edtky. Seznam po\u0161t v \u010cR v textov\u00e9 podob\u011b najdete zde: http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/posty.csv.txt\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        V ka\u017ed\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i vytvo\u0159it soubor se jm\u00e9nem obc\u00ed deset nad a deset pod.\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Ve va\u0161em serveru v adres\u00e1\u0159i /opt/SOS vytvo\u0159te adres\u00e1\u0159ovou strukturu kde n\u00e1zev adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f bude odpov\u00eddat n\u00e1zv\u016fm v\u0161ech po\u0161t v \u010cR jej\u00ed\u017e adresa obsahuje znak \"/\" a neobsahuje znak \"s\" nebo \"S\". P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 mezery nahra\u010fte podtr\u017e\u00edtky. Seznam po\u0161t v \u010cR v textov\u00e9 podob\u011b najdete zde: http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/posty.csv.txt\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        V ka\u017ed\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i vytvo\u0159it soubor se jm\u00e9nem obc\u00ed jejich\u017e n\u00e1zev za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 stejn\u00fdm slovem.\n     -->\n\n=== T\u0159et\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka ===\n <youtube width=\"200\" height=\"180\">tlUNt4JWXXA</youtube><br>\n Zapn\u011bte si pros\u00edm titulky, pokud ud\u011bl\u00e1m p\u0159i v\u00fdkladu chybu, p\u00ed\u0161u pozn\u00e1mky do titulk\u016f.\n\n'''Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova:'''\n* V\u011bt\u0161inu informac\u00ed jsem \u010derpal z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch str\u00e1nek:\nhttps://www.root.cz/serialy/nebojte-se-systemd/ <br>\nhttp://www.abclinuxu.cz/serialy/systemd <br>\nhttp://www.servispckupka.cz/rozdil-mezi-bios-a-uefi.php <br>\nhttps://www.linuxexpres.cz/praxe/ne-upravujte-uefi-a-secure-boot <br>\n'''Systemd'''\n man systemd.unit\n\nP\u0159\u00edklad jednotky typu slu\u017eba\n '''[Unit]'''\n Description=TLP system startup/shutdown\n Wants=bluetooth.service NetworkManager.service\n After=multi-user.target bluetooth.service NetworkManager.service\n Before=shutdown.target\n \n '''[Service]'''\n Type=oneshot\n ExecStart=/usr/bin/tlp init start\n ExecStop=/usr/bin/tlp init stop\n \n '''[Install]'''\n WantedBy=multi-user.target\n\n''Z\u00e1vislosti v \u010d\u00e1sti [Unit]''\n\n*'''Requires'''\nP\u0159i aktivaci se aktivuj\u00ed v\u0161echny jednotky specifikovan\u00e9 v tomto seznamu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u017ee sel\u017ee aktivace n\u011bkter\u00e9 jednotky ze seznamu nebo n\u011bjak\u00e1 sel\u017ee za b\u011bhu, \nbude deaktivov\u00e1na i tato. Tento parametr nedefinuje po\u0159ad\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jednotek, spu\u0161t\u011bny budou v\u0161echny najednou, pokud to neur\u010d\u00ed jin\u00fd parametr.\n*'''Wants'''\nSlab\u0161\u00ed varianta Requires. Funguje stejn\u011b, jen nevad\u00ed, pokud n\u011bjak\u00e1 z\u00e1vislost sel\u017ee. Dokumentace tuto variantu doporu\u010duje.v\n*'''After,Before'''\nJednotka je aktivov\u00e1na a\u017e po startu nebo p\u0159ed startem definovan\u00fdch jednotek. Tento parametr nedefinuje explicitn\u00ed z\u00e1vislost,\njen ur\u010duje po\u0159ad\u00ed spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. V\u00edce viz p\u0159\u00edklad.\n*'''Conflicts'''\nKdy\u017e je tato jednotka aktivov\u00e1na, jsou zastaveny v\u0161echny konfliktn\u00ed a naopak. \n\n''Sekce [Service]''\n * \"-\" v parametru znamen\u00e1 \u017ee nenulov\u00fd n\u00e1vratov\u00fd kod neznamen\u00e1 chybu\n * je mo\u017en\u00e9 zadat v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f odd\u011blen\u00fdch st\u0159edn\u00edkem\n * je nutn\u00e9 zadat plnou cestu k p\u0159\u00edkazu\n * nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat | > 2> >> &\n\n\n*'''ExecStart'''\nToto je p\u0159\u00edkaz, kter\u00fd bude spu\u0161t\u011bn p\u0159i startu jednotky. Zde m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt maxim\u00e1ln\u011b jeden p\u0159\u00edkaz, kter\u00fd bude pova\u017eov\u00e1n za hlavn\u00ed proces. V\u00fdjimky viz n\u00ed\u017ee. *'''ExecStartPre'''\nPomocn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edkazy spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 po spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed/p\u0159ed spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm hlavn\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkazu, m\u016f\u017ee jich b\u00fdt v\u00edce. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee kter\u00fdkoliv z t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f sel\u017ee a nen\u00ed uvozen\u00fd poml\u010dkou, spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je okam\u017eit\u011b zastaveno a hlavn\u00ed proces nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u016fbec spu\u0161t\u011bn.\n*'''ExecStartPost'''\nAnalogie ExecStartPre. ExecStartPost je spou\u0161t\u011bn a\u017e ve chv\u00edli, kdy je slu\u017eba pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nastartovanou, co p\u0159esn\u011b to znamen\u00e1, si pov\u00edme n\u00ed\u017ee.\n*'''ExecReload'''\nP\u0159\u00edkaz, kter\u00fd se m\u00e1 spustit v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9 konfigurace (spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed  systemctl reload jednotka)\n*'''ExecStop'''\nSlou\u017e\u00ed pro zastaven\u00ed jednotky, po prob\u011bhnut\u00ed jsou zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed procesy ukon\u010deny sign\u00e1lem SIGKILL. Pokud tedy nepot\u0159ebujeme n\u011bjak\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed ukon\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed, nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 tuto polo\u017eku specifikovat.\n*'''ExecStopPost'''\nP\u0159\u00edkaz spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd v\u017edy po skon\u010den\u00ed b\u011bhu slu\u017eby, i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9ho ukon\u010den\u00ed slu\u017eby. Vhodn\u00e9 pro vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pomocn\u00fdch soubor\u016f \u010di na p\u016fl spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 inicializace. \n\n\nTyp slu\u017eeb\n\n*'''simple'''\nV\u00fdchoz\u00ed typ. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee hlavn\u00ed proces je p\u0159\u00edkaz v ExecStart. Tak\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9, aby sockety (pokud n\u011bjak\u00e9 m\u00e1) byly ji\u017e spu\u0161t\u011bny, proto\u017ee systemd okam\u017eit\u011b za\u010dne startovat dal\u0161\u00ed jednotky. Jednotka je pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za nastartovanou ve chv\u00edli, kdy byl spu\u0161t\u011bn hlavn\u00ed proces.\n*'''dbus'''\nPodobn\u00e9 typu simple. Nav\u00edc ale mus\u00ed b\u00fdt specifikov\u00e1no pole BusName, co\u017e je adresa, p\u0159es kterou komunikuj\u00ed ostatn\u00ed procesy s touto slu\u017ebou. Jednotka je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nastartovaou, pot\u00e9 co je zaregistrov\u00e1no poslouch\u00e1n\u00ed na dan\u00e9 adrese. Tedy a\u017e v tuto chv\u00edli se za\u010dnou spou\u0161t\u011bt jednotky na t\u00e9to z\u00e1visl\u00e9 a p\u0159\u00edkaz v ExecStartPost. Tak\u00e9 je automaticky nastavena z\u00e1vislost na dbus.\n*'''oneshot'''\nPodobn\u00e9 typu simple. Jen je slu\u017eba pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nastartovanou ve chv\u00edli, kdy proces spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd ExecStart skon\u010dil. Toto je jedin\u00fd typ, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee obsahovat v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f v ExecStart.\n*'''notify'''\nOp\u011bt podobn\u00fd typu simple. O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee po\u0161le sign\u00e1l p\u0159es tzv. systemd system notifikac\u00ed (viz man sd_notify), a\u017e bude nastartovan\u00e1.\n*'''forking'''\nSystemd o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 chov\u00e1n\u00ed standradn\u00edch UNIX-ov\u00fdch d\u00e9mon\u016f. Tedy spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd proces zavol\u00e1 fork() a ukon\u010d\u00ed se. Hlavn\u00ed proces je pak syn tohoto procesu. Jednotka je nastartovan\u00e1 ve chv\u00edli, kdy je ukon\u010den proces pu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd ExecStart.\n*'''idle'''\nTato jednotka je spu\u0161t\u011bna a\u017e ve chv\u00edli, kdy jsou v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed transakce vy\u0159\u00edzeny. V podstat\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze pro potla\u010den\u00ed v\u00fdstupu slu\u017eeb na v\u00fdstup p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed konsole. \n\n''Sekce [Install]''\n WantedBy=default.target - jednotka bude spu\u0161t\u011bna po startu\n\n'''P\u0159\u00edkazy'''\n systemctl \n systemctl help dbus\n systemctl is-active dbus\n systemctl is-enable dbus \n systemctl is-enabled dbus\n systemctl is-failed dbus\n systemctl status dbus\n systemctl list-dependencies dbus\n systemctl list-dependencies --all\n systemctl daemon-reload\n \n /usr/lib/systemd/system ;jednotky instalovan\u00e9 z repozit\u00e1\u0159\u016f\n /usr/lib/systemd/user ;u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 jednotky\n /etc/systemd/system\n /etc/systemd/user\n\n<!--\n'''SystemV'''\n grub2, /boot, vmlinuz, initrd, update-grub2, /etc/default/grub, /etc/grub.d\n inittab, runlevel, getty, /etc/init.d/rc, /etc/init.d/*, /etc/rc?.d, update-rc.d\n \n #!/bin/sh\n ### BEGIN INIT INFO\n # Provides:          apache2\n # Default-Start:     2 3 4 5\n # Default-Stop:      0 1 6\n ### END INIT INFO\n \n . /lib/lsb/init-functions\n case $1 in\n \tstart)\n        ;;\n        stop) \n        ;;\n esac\n-->\n\nZav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed OS Linux [http://cs.wikibooks.org/wiki/Start_Linuxu], zavad\u011b\u010d \nLilo [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/LILO];\nGrub [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRUB] [http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/] a \nGrub2 [http://www.root.cz/clanky/poznejte-boot-loader-grub2/] [http://wiki.ubuntu.cz/grub2] [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/zpravicky/tutorial-o-grub2], \nvyu\u017eit\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bc\u00edho RAMdisku [http://trac.assembla.com/mkinitramfs];\ninicializace syst\u00e9mu, spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed procesu INIT [http://www.root.cz/man/5/inittab/];\nspou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed slu\u017eeb [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/praxe/jak-startuje-system] [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/faq/skripty/jak-spustit-skript-pri-startu-systemu-distribuce-debian] [http://www.petrjanousek.net/blog/index.php?id=65];\nCyklick\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f s skript\u016f [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron] [http://cs.wikibooks.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1nov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_spou%C5%A1t%C4%9Bn%C3%AD_%C3%BAloh]\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Programov\u00e1n\u00ed skript\u016f a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed regul\u00e1rn\u00edch v\u00fdraz\u016f (cykly for a while), p\u0159\u00edkaz sed a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed regul\u00e1rn\u00edch v\u00fdrazy\n\nNa stoln\u00edm PC kter\u00e9 je v u\u010debn\u011b pros\u00edm klikn\u011bte na odkaz: [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/skupina.php]<br>\n\u00dakoly: \n\nPro zad\u00e1n\u00ed kde je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla, m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017eit syst\u00e9movou prom\u011bnnou RANDOM.\nNap\u0159\u00edklad nah_cislo=`echo $RANDOM`.\n\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce BASH, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159\u00ed v definovan\u00e9 slo\u017ece n\u00e1hodn\u00fd po\u010det soubor\u016f v rozmez\u00ed 1000 a\u017e 2000 s n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm \n     \u010d\u00edseln\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem xxx.txt kde xxx je n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo.\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch soubor\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n       Rozd\u011blit do slo\u017eek podle d\u00e9lky jm\u00e9na\n       Rozd\u011blit do slo\u017eek podle d\u011blitelnosti jm\u00e9na d\u00e9lky\n       Rozd\u011blit do slo\u017eek podle d\u00e9lky jm\u00e9na v intervalu\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce BASH, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159\u00ed v definovan\u00e9 slo\u017ece soubory se jm\u00e9nem 1 a\u017e MAX s n\u00e1hodnou velikost\u00ed.\n     Kde MAX je cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1.\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch soubor\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n       Rozd\u011blit do slo\u017eek podle velikosti souboru\n       Rozd\u011blit do slo\u017eek podle d\u011blitelnosti velikosti souboru\n       Rozd\u011blit do slo\u017eek podle velikosti souboru v intervalu\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce BASH, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159\u00ed v definovan\u00e9 slo\u017ece soubory se jm\u00e9nem 1 a\u017e MAX, kde MAX je cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1. \n     S n\u00e1hodnou p\u0159\u00edponou ( jpg jpeg txt doc xls html php docx sh apd.).\n     Pro definici mo\u017en\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpon pou\u017eijte pole, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b funkci. \n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch soubor\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n       Rozd\u011blit do slo\u017eek podle p\u0159\u00edpon\n       Zatarovat pouze ty soubory se jm\u00e9nem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e xxx\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce BASH, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159\u00ed v definovan\u00e9 slo\u017ece soubory se jm\u00e9nem 1 a\u017e MAX s n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm po\u010dtem \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f.\n     Kde MAX je cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1.\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch soubor\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n       Rozd\u011blit do a v\u00edce slo\u017eek t\u0159\u00ed slo\u017eek\n       Zatarovat pouze ty soubory se sud\u00fdm po\u010dtem \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce BASH, kter\u00fd vytvo\u0159\u00ed v definovan\u00e9 slo\u017ece soubory se jm\u00e9nem 1 a\u017e MAX, kde MAX je cel\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1,\n     s n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm po\u010dtem \u010d\u00edsel ( \u010d\u00edsla v definovan\u00e9m rozmez\u00ed min a\u017e max).\n     Bez pou\u017eit\u00ed od\u0159\u00e1dkov\u00e1n\u00ed.\n b - Modifikace v\u00e1mi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch soubor\u016f dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        Co n-t\u00e9 slovo ENTER\n     -->\n\n=== \u010ctvrt\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka === \n <youtube width=\"200\" height=\"180\">2bgkPu-eMYQ</youtube><br>\n Zapn\u011bte si pros\u00edm titulky, pokud ud\u011bl\u00e1m p\u0159i v\u00fdkladu chybu, p\u00ed\u0161u pozn\u00e1mky do titulk\u016f.\n\n '''Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova:'''\n apt-get install system-config-lvm mdadm\n \n /dev/sda-z\n fdisk -l, cfdisk, mkfs.ext4\n /etc/fstab\n \n mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 --spare-devices=1 /dev/sdd1\n watch \"cat /proc/mdstat\"\n \n pvcreate /dev/sdb1\n vgcreate test /dev/sdb1\n lvcreate -L 50M -n padesat test\n \n vgextend test /dev/sdc1\n lvextend -L 150M /dev/test/padesat\n resizefs /dev/test/padesat 150M\n\nFilesyst\u00e9my pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v OS Linux [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/praxe/linuxove-souborove-systemy];\nZ\u00e1kladn\u00ed vlastnosti [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souborov%C3%BD_syst%C3%A9m] [http://www.linuxsoft.cz/article.php?id_article=772]\nTvorba filesyst\u00e9mu a pr\u00e1ce s oblasti disk\u016f [http://www.root.cz/man/8/mkfs/ mkfs] [http://www.posmura.cz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100:pikaz-fdisk&catid.. fdisk] [http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Partition/fdisk_partitioning.html fdisk] [http://www.debian.cz/~masik/czinst/releases/slink/i386/cfdisk.txt cfdisk] [http://www.root.cz/clanky/jak-rozdelit-disk-spravne-s-gnu-parted/ parted];\nSpr\u00e1va diskov\u00fdch odd\u00edl\u016f v GNU/Debian [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fstab /etc/fstab];\n<!-- Diskov\u00e9 quoty [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/praxe/jak-ovladnout-kvoty] -->\nLVM [http://www.root.cz/clanky/uvod-do-lvm/#ic=articles-related&icc=lvm-prakticke-ukazky-17056]\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Tvorba vlastn\u00edho startovac\u00edho skriptu\n* Cyklick\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed skript\u016f\n\n\nNa stoln\u00edm PC kter\u00e9 je v u\u010debn\u011b pros\u00edm klikn\u011bte na odkaz: [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/skupina.php]<br>\n\u00dakoly: \n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript. Skript zjist\u00ed velikost v\u0161ech adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f ve slo\u017ece /home . Pokud bude velikost n\u011bkter\u00e9ho z adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f \n     v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 1kB, bude v t\u00e9to slo\u017ece um\u00edst\u011bn soubor s n\u00e1zvem \"BYLA PREKROCENA MAX VELIKOST SLOZKY\".\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        to sam\u00e9 v cronu\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript. Skript zjist\u00ed po\u010det soubor\u016f v\u0161ech podadres\u00e1\u0159\u00edch ve slo\u017ece /home . Pokud bude po\u010det spubor\u016f \n     v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 100, bude v t\u00e9to slo\u017ece um\u00edst\u011bn soubor s n\u00e1zvem \"BYL PREKROCEN MAX POCET SOUBORU VE SLOZCE\".\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        to sam\u00e9 v cronu\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript. Skript projde v\u0161echny podadres\u00e1\u0159e ve slo\u017ece /home . Pokud najde soubor jeho\u017e n\u00e1zev kon\u010d\u00ed na *.backup\n     p\u0159esune tento soubor do adres\u00e1\u0159e /backup\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        to sam\u00e9 v cronu\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript. Skript \"zataruje\" slo\u017eku /etc a vytvo\u0159en\u00fd soubor ulo\u017e\u00ed do slo\u017eky /backup . Jm\u00e9no souboru bude\n     ve tvaru ve kter\u00e9 bude mo\u017en\u00e9 identifikovat kdy byla z\u00e1loha provedena. \n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        to sam\u00e9 v cronu\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript. Skript projde v\u0161echny slo\u017eky v adres\u00e1\u0159i /home. Do ka\u017ed\u00e9 slo\u017eky p\u0159id\u00e1 soubor info, kter\u00fd bude obsahovat\n     informaci o tom kdy byl syst\u00e9m spu\u0161t\u011bn a kdy do\u0161lo k p\u0159edchoz\u00edmu vypnut\u00ed.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n        to sam\u00e9 v cronu\n     -->\n\n=== P\u00e1t\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka ===\n <youtube width=\"200\" height=\"180\">FggHmPPSL3k</youtube><br>\n Zapn\u011bte si pros\u00edm titulky, pokud ud\u011bl\u00e1m p\u0159i v\u00fdkladu chybu, p\u00ed\u0161u pozn\u00e1mky do titulk\u016f.\n\n '''Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova:'''\n apt install openssl quota\n \n adduser, deluser\n useradd, userdel\n \n useradd -m -s /bin/bash -c \"Bezny Franta Uzivatel\" -p `echo \"P4sSw0rD\" | openssl passwd -1 -stdin` franta\n \n /etc/passwd\n /etc/group\n /etc/skell\n /etc/shadow\n \n mount -o remount,usrquota,grpquota /home    #toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed funguje jen do restartu, korektn\u011b je nutn\u00e9 editovat /etc/fstab\n service quota start                         #nezapome\u0148te slu\u017ebu povolit, a\u0165 se zav\u00e1d\u00ed po startu\n quotacheck /dev/sdb1                        \n quotaon /dev/sdb1                           \n edquota franta\n \n chmod\n chown\n chgrp\n \n S - Bit\n T - Bit\n\n\nSpr\u00e1va u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f, vytvo\u0159en\u00ed a maz\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f [https://archiv.linuxsoft.cz/article.php?id_article=248];\nU\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/ucebnice/zaklady/principy-prace-se-systemem/pristupova-prava];\nPAM moduly [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/clanky/bezpecnost/autentizacia-v-linuxe-pomocou-pam] [http://d3s.mff.cuni.cz/~ceres/sch/osy/text/ch07s01s01.html], diskov\u00e9 quoty [https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/linux-quota-ubuntu-debian/]\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Form\u00e1tov\u00e1n\u00ed diskov\u00e9ho odd\u00edlu, p\u0159ipojen\u00ed souborov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, vytvo\u0159en\u00ed SW RAID, pr\u00e1ce s LVM\n<!-- tvo\u0159en\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f, p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, pr\u00e1va skupin -->\n\nNa stoln\u00edm PC kter\u00e9 je v u\u010debn\u011b pros\u00edm klikn\u011bte na odkaz: [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/skupina.php]<br>\n\u00dakoly: \n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed SATA disk. Tento disk naform\u00e1tujte souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4 a p\u0159ipojte ho jako adres\u00e1\u0159 /home.\n     P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zachovejte ve\u0161ker\u00fd obsah p\u016fvodn\u00edho adres\u00e1\u0159e /home.\n     Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i SATA disky. Vytvo\u0159te nad nima SW RAID1 s jedn\u00edm spare diskem.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n       Nad RAIDem vytvo\u0159it LVM.\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed SATA disk. Tento disk naform\u00e1tujte souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4 a p\u0159ipojte ho jako adres\u00e1\u0159 /home.\n     P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zachovejte ve\u0161ker\u00fd obsah p\u016fvodn\u00edho adres\u00e1\u0159e /home.\n     Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i SATA disky. Vytvo\u0159te nad nima SW RAID5 bez pou\u017eit\u00ed spare disku.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n       P\u0159idat spare disk.\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed SATA disk. Tento disk naform\u00e1tujte souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4 a p\u0159ipojte ho jako adres\u00e1\u0159 /home.\n     P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zachovejte ve\u0161ker\u00fd obsah p\u016fvodn\u00edho adres\u00e1\u0159e /home.\n     Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i SATA disky. Vytvo\u0159te nad nima SW RAID5 s jedn\u00edm spare diskem.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed SATA disk. Tento disk naform\u00e1tujte souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4 a p\u0159ipojte ho jako adres\u00e1\u0159 /home.\n     P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zachovejte ve\u0161ker\u00fd obsah p\u016fvodn\u00edho adres\u00e1\u0159e /home.\n     Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i SATA disky. Vytvo\u0159te nad nima SW RAID6 bez pou\u017eit\u00ed spare disku.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed SATA disk. Tento disk naform\u00e1tujte souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4 a p\u0159ipojte ho jako adres\u00e1\u0159 /home.\n     P\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zachovejte ve\u0161ker\u00fd obsah p\u016fvodn\u00edho adres\u00e1\u0159e /home.\n     Do sv\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bt SATA disk\u016f. Vytvo\u0159te nad nima SW RAID6 s jedn\u00edm spare diskem.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n=== \u0160est\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka ===\n <youtube width=\"200\" height=\"180\">LpgYKDjmRcg</youtube><br>\n Zapn\u011bte si pros\u00edm titulky, pokud ud\u011bl\u00e1m p\u0159i v\u00fdkladu chybu, p\u00ed\u0161u pozn\u00e1mky do titulk\u016f.<br>\n Jedn\u00e1 se o p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku vytvo\u0159enou ji\u017e minul\u00fd rok, nicm\u00e9n\u011b je st\u00e1le aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed.\n\n '''Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 slova:'''\n /etc/network/*\n \n cat /etc/network/interfaces\n auto enp0s3\n iface enp0s3 inet dhcp\n \n allow-hotplug enp0s3\n iface enp0s3 inet static\n \taddress 192.168.0.1\n \tnetmask 255.255.255.0\n \tbroacast 192.168.0.1\n \n ip route add default via 192.168.0.254\n ip route del default via 192.168.0.254\n \n route add default gw 192.168.0.1 //p\u0159id\u00e1 defaultn\u00ed gateway\n route del default gw 192.168.0.1 //odebere defaultn\u00ed gateway\n \n /etc/resolv.conf //konfigurace DNS, z\u00e1kladem je \u0159\u00e1dek ''nameserver IP_ADRESA''\n\n V\u00fdborn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek se z\u00e1klady zde [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/blog/Debian_Lenny/2009/10/zakladni-konfigurace-linux-firewallu-pomoci-iptables]\n iptabels -t filter, iptabels -t nat, iptabels -t mangle\n iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT //defaultn\u00ed politika\n iptables -A INPUT  -i eth0 -j ACCEPT //pust\u00ed pakety vstupuj\u00edc\u00ed do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159es eth0\n iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -j DROP   //zahod\u00ed pakety vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed ze syst\u00e9mu p\u0159es eth1\n iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.100 -j DROP   //zahod\u00ed pakety vstupuj\u00edc\u00ed do syst\u00e9mu se zdrojovou IP 192.168.0.100\n iptables -A FORWARD -d 192.168.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT   //pust\u00ed pakety proch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9mem s c\u00edlov\u00fdmi IP 192.168.0.0/24\n iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP //zak\u00e1\u017ee pakety vstupuj\u00edc\u00ed do syst\u00e9mu s c\u00edlov\u00fdm tcp portem 80\n iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP //zak\u00e1\u017ee pakety vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed ze syst\u00e9mu s c\u00edlov\u00fdm tcp portem 80\n\n iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE  //zamaskuje pakety vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed ze syst\u00e9mu p\u0159es eth0\n echo \"1\" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward //povol\u00ed p\u0159epos\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed paket\u016f\n\n iptables-save > /etc/iptables\n iptables-restore /etc/iptables\n \n\nLinux jako aktivn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd prvek, routing [http://www.linuxsoft.cz/article.php?id_article=302],\nNAT, Firewall [http://www.root.cz/serialy/vse-o-iptables/] [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/blog/Debian_Lenny/2009/10/zakladni-konfigurace-linux-firewallu-pomoci-iptables]\n<!--\n<br> '''Live distribuce vhodn\u00e9 pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed nastaven\u00ed Firewallu'''\n<br>\n#TTY Linux (60MB)  [http://ttylinux.net/Download/ttylinux-pc_i686-16.1.iso.gz]\n#Knoppix   (700MB) [ftp://ftp.plusline.de/pub/Knoppix/knoppix-cd/KNOPPIX_V7.2.0CD-2013-06-16-EN.iso]\n#Ubuntu    (800MB) [http://releases.ubuntu.com/saucy/ubuntu-13.10-desktop-i386.iso]\n\nDal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edinstalovan\u00e1 virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed PC naleznete na http://virtualboxes.org/images/ .\n-->\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Pr\u00e1ce s u\u017eivatelk\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dty, zaveden\u00ed quot, p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va (Pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dt\u016f m\u016f\u017eete vyu\u017e\u00edt soubor jmena.txt [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/jmena.txt] )\n<!-- tvo\u0159en\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f, p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, pr\u00e1va skupin -->\n\nNa stoln\u00edm PC kter\u00e9 je v u\u010debn\u011b pros\u00edm klikn\u011bte na odkaz: [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/skupina.php]<br>\n\u00dakoly: \n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd ve va\u0161em virtualizovan\u00e9m PC vytvo\u0159\u00ed 50 u\u017eivatel\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli vygenerujte a nastavte prvotn\u00ed heslo.\n Po prvn\u00edm p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed u\u017eivatele vynu\u0165te zad\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho hesla. V\u0161em nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm definujte diskov\u00e9 quoty.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n       Nad RAIDem vytvo\u0159it LVM.\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd ve va\u0161em virtualizovan\u00e9m PC vytvo\u0159\u00ed 50 u\u017eivatel\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli nastavte pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9  prvotn\u00ed heslo.\n Po prvn\u00edm p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed u\u017eivatele vynu\u0165te zad\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9ho hesla. Z\u0159i\u010fte skupinu, do kter\u00e9 budou pat\u0159it v\u0161ichni u\u017eivatel\u00e9.\n V\u0161em nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm definujte diskov\u00e9 quoty.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n       P\u0159idat spare disk.\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd ve va\u0161em virtualizovan\u00e9m PC vytvo\u0159\u00ed 50 u\u017eivatel\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli vygenerujte a nastavte prvotn\u00ed heslo.\n P\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dt\u016f ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli (pomoc\u00ed /etc/skel) nakop\u00edrujte do jeho domovsk\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e soubor README.txt.\n V\u0161em nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm definujte diskov\u00e9 quoty.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd ve va\u0161em virtualizovan\u00e9m PC vytvo\u0159\u00ed 50 u\u017eivatel\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli nastavte pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9  prvotn\u00ed heslo.\n V\u0161echny nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dty zablokujte. V\u0161em nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm definujte diskov\u00e9 quoty.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd ve va\u0161em virtualizovan\u00e9m PC vytvo\u0159\u00ed 50 u\u017eivatel\u016f. Ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli vygenerujte a nastavte prvotn\u00ed heslo.\n U\u017eivatel bude p\u0159i p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed upozorn\u011bn, \u017ee si heslo mus\u00edm do 1 dne zm\u011bnit. V\u0161em nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm definujte diskov\u00e9 quoty.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n=== Sedm\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka ===\n <b>V akademick\u00e9m roce 2023/24 tuto p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ku vynech\u00e1me.</b><br>\nN\u00e1stroje pro spr\u00e1vu proces\u016f [http://www.linuxsoft.cz/article.php?id_article=409];\nBal\u00ed\u010dkovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/praxe/linuxove-balickovaci-systemy-1] [http://www.root.cz/serialy/balickovaci-system-distribuce-debian-gnulinux/] ; Tvorba vlastn\u00edho instala\u010dn\u00edho bal\u00ed\u010dku\n\n'''Syst\u00e9m APT'''<br>\nn\u00edzk\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148:\n dpkg-deb -f geg_1.0.2-4_i386.deb  <-- info o bal\u00ed\u010dku\n\nst\u0159edn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148:\n dpkg -i geg_1.0.2-4_i386.deb <-- instalace bal\u00edku\n dpkg -r geg                  <-- odinstalace\n dpkg -l 'gettext*'           <-- info z bal syst\u00e9mu\n dpkg -L gftp-text            <-- jak\u00e9 soubory bal\u00edk obsahuje\n dpkg -S /usb/bin/mc          <-- ve kter\u00e9m bal\u00ed\u010dku se vyskytuje\n\nvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148\n apt-get install \n apt-get remove\n apt-get update && apt-get upgrade\n apt-get source mc\n apt-cache stats\n apt-cache show mc\n apt-cache search mcedit\n apt-cache depends mc\n\nVytvo\u0159en\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dku\n\n tmp\n |-- DEBIAN\n |   |-- control\n |   |-- postinst\n |   |-- preinst\n |   `-- md5sums\n `-- etc\n     |--neco.conf\n .\n .\n .\n\n find * -type f ! -regex '^DEBIAN/.*' -exec md5sum {} \\; > DEBIAN/md5sums\n\n #cat control\n \n Package: nazev_baliku\n Version: 0.01\n Section: sekce - p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed bal\u00edky\n Priority: optional (d\u016fle\u017eitost, nechte v\u017edy optional)\n Recommends: kaffe | java-virtual-machine (doporu\u010den\u00e9 bal\u00edky, odd\u011blova\u010dem je |)\n Depends: libc6 (>= 2.2.4-4) (bal\u00edky nutn\u00e9 pro instalaci, v z\u00e1vorce minim\u00e1ln\u00ed verze)\n Architecture: i386 (architektura procesoru, pokud programujete v Jav\u011b tak all)\n Installed-Size: 2717 (velikost slo\u017eky /usr/ v kB)\n Maintainer: vase_jmeno <vase.emailova@adresa.cz>\n Description: Kr\u00e1tk\u00fd popis v AJ\n  Dlouh\u00fd popis v AJ\n   .\n    Druh\u00fd odstavec dlouh\u00e9ho popisu, obvykle va\u0161e URL\n\n dpkg-deb -b slozka nazev_0.1_i386.deb\n\n\n\n\n\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Programov\u00e1n\u00ed sktriptu pro nataven\u00ed firewallu a rourov\u00e1n\u00ed\n<!--\n* Pro n\u011bkter\u00e1 zad\u00e1n\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 nainstalovat \"lehk\u00fd\" http server, nap\u0159\u00edklad ''apt-get install lighttpd''\nZprovozn\u011bn\u00ed https na lighttpd\n  cd /etc/lighttpd/certs\n  openssl req -new -x509 -keyout lighttpd.pem -out lighttpd.pem -days 365 -nodes\n  chmod 400 lighttpd.pem\nDo souboru /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf p\u0159idejte tyto \u0159\u00e1dky:\n $SERVER[\"socket\"] == \":443\" {\n   ssl.engine = \"enable\" \n   ssl.pemfile = \"/etc/lighttpd/certs/lighttpd.pem\" \n }\nRestartujte slu\u017ebu httpd\n-->\nNa stoln\u00edm PC kter\u00e9 je v u\u010debn\u011b pros\u00edm klikn\u011bte na odkaz: [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/skupina.php]<br>\n\u00dakoly: \n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m va\u0161eho virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho PC tak, aby rozhran\u00ed \"S\u00ed\u0165 pouze z hostem\" obdr\u017eelo po restartu PC statickou IP adresu. \n     Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd inicializuje firewall pomoc\u00ed iptables.\n     Defaultn\u00ed politika pro INPUT bude DROP.\n     Zaka\u017ete ve\u0161ker\u00fd provoz na server (INPUT) mino port 80 a 443.\n     Port 22 povolte jen z definovan\u00fdch IP.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m va\u0161eho virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho PC tak, aby rozhran\u00ed \"S\u00ed\u0165 pouze z hostem\" obdr\u017eelo po restartu PC statickou IP adresu. \n     Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd inicializuje firewall pomoc\u00ed iptables.\n     Defaultn\u00ed politika pro INPUT bude ACCEPT.\n     Zaka\u017ete ve\u0161ker\u00fd provoz na server (INPUT) mino port 80 a 443.\n     Port 22 povolte jen z definovan\u00fdch IP.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n     \n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m va\u0161eho virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho PC tak, aby rozhran\u00ed \"S\u00ed\u0165 pouze z hostem\" obdr\u017eelo po restartu PC statickou IP adresu. \n     Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd inicializuje firewall pomoc\u00ed iptables.\n     Defaultn\u00ed politika pro OUTPUT bude DROP.\n     Zaka\u017ete ve\u0161ker\u00fd provoz ze serveru (OUTPUT) mino port 80 a 443.\n     Port 22 povolte jen na definovan\u00e9 IP adresy.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m va\u0161eho virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho PC tak, aby rozhran\u00ed \"S\u00ed\u0165 pouze z hostem\" obdr\u017eelo po restartu PC statickou IP adresu. \n     Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd inicializuje firewall pomoc\u00ed iptables.\n     Defaultn\u00ed politika pro OUTPUT bude ACCEPT.\n     Zaka\u017ete ve\u0161ker\u00fd provoz ze serveru (OUTPUT) mino port 80 a 443.\n     Port 22 povolte jen na definovan\u00e9 IP adresy.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m va\u0161eho virtu\u00e1ln\u00edho PC tak, aby rozhran\u00ed \"S\u00ed\u0165 pouze z hostem\" obdr\u017eelo po restartu PC statickou IP adresu. \n     Vytvo\u0159te startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd inicializuje firewall pomoc\u00ed iptables.\n     Defaultn\u00ed politika pro OUTPUT a INPUT bude DROP.\n     Zaka\u017ete ve\u0161ker\u00fd provoz na server (INPUT) mino port 22,80 a 443.\n     Odchoz\u00ed provoz povolte pouze na portu 22.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n=== Osm\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka ===\n <youtube width=\"200\" height=\"180\">672DyTiauWc</youtube><br>\n Zapn\u011bte si pros\u00edm titulky, pokud ud\u011bl\u00e1m p\u0159i v\u00fdkladu chybu, p\u00ed\u0161u pozn\u00e1mky do titulk\u016f.<br>\n\nZ\u00e1kladn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 slu\u017eby; \nLAMP server [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/praxe/sprava-linuxoveho-serveru-instalace-lamp] [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/praxe/sprava-linuxoveho-serveru-uvod-do-konfigurace-apache],\nDHCP server [http://www.root.cz/clanky/linux-jako-dhcp-server/] ,\nNFS [http://www.linuxexpres.cz/praxe/sdileni-pomoci-nfs] [http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/]\na jin\u00e9;\nN\u00e1stroje pro kontrolu spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netstat netstat] [http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcpdump tcpdump] [http://nmap.org nmap] [http://www.ex-parrot.com/pdw/iftop/ iftop] [http://www.linuxsoft.cz/article.php?id_article=278]\n\nP\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatele do datab\u00e1ze MariaDB\n # mysql -u root -p\n MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql\n MariaDB [mysql]> CREATE USER 'wiki'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'wiki';\n MariaDB [mysql]> \\q\n\n # mysql -u root\n MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE wiki;\n MariaDB [(none)]> use wiki\n MariaDB [wiki]> GRANT ALL ON wiki.* TO wiki@localhost;\n Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)\n MariaDB [wiki]>\\q\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed firewalu zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9ho ze startovac\u00edho skriptu\n\nNa \u0161koln\u00edm PC kter\u00e9 je v u\u010debn\u011b pros\u00edm klikn\u011bte na odkaz: [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/skupina.php]<br>\n\u00dakoly: \n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce Bash, kter\u00fd vyp\u00ed\u0161e v\u0161echny u\u017eivatele v syst\u00e9mu a uvede hodnoty vyu\u017eit\u00ed jejich diskov\u00fdch quot.\n     Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00fd skript vytvo\u0159te DEB bal\u00ed\u010dek, kde spr\u00e1vn\u011b uve\u010fte z\u00e1vislost na bal\u00ed\u010dku quota. Tento bal\u00ed\u010dek pou\u017eijte k instalaci\n     skriptu do syst\u00e9mu.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce Bash, skript vyp\u00ed\u0161e v\u0161echny u\u017eivatel\u00e9 syst\u00e9mu, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed spu\u0161t\u011bn n\u011bjak\u00fd program.\n     U ka\u017ed\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele pot\u00e9 skript vyp\u00ed\u0161e po\u010det spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch program\u016f.\n     Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00fd skript vytvo\u0159te DEB bal\u00ed\u010dek, kde spr\u00e1vn\u011b uve\u010fte z\u00e1vislost na bal\u00ed\u010dku obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed program ''ps''. \n     Tento bal\u00ed\u010dek pou\u017eijte k instalaci skriptu do syst\u00e9mu.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce Bash, kter\u00fd bude se cyklicky spou\u0161t\u011bt a bude do souboru v\u017edy do jednoho \u0159\u00e1dku vypisovat \u010das a\n     zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed syst\u00e9mu zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 ze souboru /proc/loadavg.\n     Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00fd skript vytvo\u0159te DEB bal\u00ed\u010dek, kde spr\u00e1vn\u011b uve\u010fte z\u00e1vislosti bal\u00ed\u010dku. Tento bal\u00ed\u010dek pou\u017eijte k instalaci\n     skriptu do syst\u00e9mu.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce Bash, skript bude spou\u0161t\u011bn cyklicky a v\u017edy provede z\u00e1lohu v\u0161ech podadres\u00e1\u0159\u016f /home/*, pomoc\u00ed \n     programu ''tar''.\n     Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00fd skript vytvo\u0159te DEB bal\u00ed\u010dek, kde spr\u00e1vn\u011b uve\u010fte z\u00e1vislosti bal\u00ed\u010dku. Tento bal\u00ed\u010dek pou\u017eijte k instalaci\n     skriptu do syst\u00e9mu.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce Bash, skript bude p\u0159ij\u00edmat n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed parametry: ''./skript parametr1 parametr2''\n     Prvn\u00edm parametrem m\u016f\u017eou b\u00fdt n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed slova: ''http'', ''https'', ''ssh'', ''telnet''. \n     Druh\u00fdm parametrem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ''accept'' nebo ''deny''. \n     Skript p\u0159i zad\u00e1n\u00ed ''./skript http deny'' zak\u00e1\u017ee pomoc\u00ed ''iptables'' p\u0159\u00edstup na PC protokolem http.\n     Ostatn\u00ed parametry se zachovaj\u00ed obdobn\u011b.\n     Pro vytvo\u0159en\u00fd skript vytvo\u0159te DEB bal\u00ed\u010dek, kde spr\u00e1vn\u011b uve\u010fte z\u00e1vislosti bal\u00ed\u010dku. Tento bal\u00ed\u010dek pou\u017eijte k instalaci\n     skriptu do syst\u00e9mu.\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n\n\n<!--\nV\u0161echna zad\u00e1n\u00ed testujte pomoc\u00ed druh\u00e9ho virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby na rozhran\u00ed eth1 serveru nastavil statickou IP adresu a eth0 dynamickou IP adresu\n     Vytvo\u0159te standardn\u00ed startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i startu syst\u00e9mu v runlevelu 2, zav\u00e1d\u011bt pravidla firewallu\n     P\u0159i zastaven\u00ed firewallu se vypr\u00e1zdn\u00ed v\u0161echny tabulky a nastav\u00ed se defaultn\u00ed politika na ACCEPT\n     Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server podporuj\u00edc\u00ed protokoly http a https\n     Nastavte pravidla firewallu tak, aby byl prov\u00e1d\u011bn p\u0159eklad zdrojov\u00fdch IP adres u paket\u016f vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z eth0 \n     Zaka\u017ete propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech paket\u016f proch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z eth1 na eth0 s jinou c\u00edlovou ip ne\u017e z rozsahu 158.196.0.0/16\n     \n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby na rozhran\u00ed eth1 serveru nastavil statickou IP adresu a eth0 dynamickou IP adresu\n     Vytvo\u0159te standardn\u00ed startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i startu syst\u00e9mu v runlevelu 2, zav\u00e1d\u011bt pravidla firewallu\n     P\u0159i zastaven\u00ed firewallu se vypr\u00e1zdn\u00ed v\u0161echny tabulky a nastav\u00ed se defaultn\u00ed politika na ACCEPT\n     Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server podporuj\u00edc\u00ed protokoly http a https\n     Nastavte pravidla firewallu tak, aby byl prov\u00e1d\u011bn p\u0159eklad zdrojov\u00fdch IP adres u paket\u016f vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z eth0 \n     Povolte p\u0159\u00edstup na http a https server pouze z rozsahu IP adres va\u0161\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby na rozhran\u00ed eth1 serveru nastavil statickou IP adresu a eth0 dynamickou IP adresu\n     Vytvo\u0159te standardn\u00ed startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i startu syst\u00e9mu v runlevelu 2, zav\u00e1d\u011bt pravidla firewallu\n     P\u0159i zastaven\u00ed firewallu se vypr\u00e1zdn\u00ed v\u0161echny tabulky a nastav\u00ed se defaultn\u00ed politika na ACCEPT\n     Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server podporuj\u00edc\u00ed protokoly http a https\n     Nastavte pravidla firewallu tak, aby byl prov\u00e1d\u011bn p\u0159eklad zdrojov\u00fdch IP adres u paket\u016f vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z eth0 \n     Povolte p\u0159\u00edstup na ssh  server pouze z rozsahu IP adres va\u0161\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby na rozhran\u00ed eth1 serveru nastavil statickou IP adresu a eth0 dynamickou IP adresu\n     Vytvo\u0159te standardn\u00ed startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i startu syst\u00e9mu v runlevelu 2, zav\u00e1d\u011bt pravidla firewallu\n     P\u0159i zastaven\u00ed firewallu se vypr\u00e1zdn\u00ed v\u0161echny tabulky a nastav\u00ed se defaultn\u00ed politika na ACCEPT\n     Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server podporuj\u00edc\u00ed protokoly http a https\n     Nastavte pravidla firewallu tak, aby byl prov\u00e1d\u011bn p\u0159eklad zdrojov\u00fdch IP adres u paket\u016f vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z eth0 \n     Povolte p\u0159\u00edstup na ssh  server pouze z rozsahu IP adres va\u0161\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby na rozhran\u00ed eth1 serveru nastavil statickou IP adresu a eth0 dynamickou IP adresu\n     Vytvo\u0159te standardn\u00ed startovac\u00ed skript, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i startu syst\u00e9mu v runlevelu 2, zav\u00e1d\u011bt pravidla firewallu\n     P\u0159i zastaven\u00ed firewallu se vypr\u00e1zdn\u00ed v\u0161echny tabulky a nastav\u00ed se defaultn\u00ed politika na ACCEPT\n     Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server podporuj\u00edc\u00ed protokoly http a https\n     Nastavte pravidla firewallu tak, aby byl prov\u00e1d\u011bn p\u0159eklad zdrojov\u00fdch IP adres u paket\u016f vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z eth0 \n     Povolte p\u0159\u00edstup na http server z rozhran\u00ed eth1 pouze protokolem https\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n\n-->\n\n=== Dev\u00e1t\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka === \nRaspberry PI, minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010d za 700k\u010d, velikosti kreditn\u00ed karty a jeho mo\u017enosti\nChcete si vytvo\u0159it jednoduch\u00fd \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na GNU/Linux, Raspberry-PI je v\u00fdborn\u00e1 volba. P\u0159esto, \u017ee je to opravdu malink\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, kter\u00fd nijak neopl\u00fdv\u00e1 v\u00fdkonem dovede p\u0159ehr\u00e1t film v HD rozli\u0161en\u00ed. Jeho obrovsk\u00e1 p\u0159ednost je GPIO port, obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed rozhran\u00ed I2C, SPI, RS232 a 8 VV port\u016f. D\u00edky t\u011bmto port\u016fm lze p\u0159ipojit velk\u00e9 \u010didel, teploty, tlaku, n\u00e1klonu a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch. http://www.raspberrypi.org/\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Instalace a konfigurace LAMP serveru\n* Instalace DHCP serveru\n* Instalace NFS serveru\n\nNa \u0161koln\u00edm PC kter\u00e9 je v u\u010debn\u011b pros\u00edm klikn\u011bte na odkaz: [http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/skupina.php]<br>\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 1'''\n a - Na serveru nainstalujte DHCP server, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i\u0159azovat IP adresy, masku s\u00edt\u011b, defaultn\u00ed router a DNS v\u0161em po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm p\u0159ipojen\u00fdm na rozhran\u00ed enp0s8\n     Na serveru nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache a nastavte provoz na http s https\n     Na serveru nainstalujte NFS server a vyexportujte slo\u017eku /var/www, tuto slo\u017eku p\u0159ipojte v druh\u00e9m virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm PC        \n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 2'''\n a - Na serveru nainstalujte DHCP server, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i\u0159azovat IP adresy, masku s\u00edt\u011b, defaultn\u00ed router a DNS v\u0161em po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm p\u0159ipojen\u00fdm na rozhran\u00ed enp0s8\n     Na serveru nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache a nastavte provoz na http s podporou PHP\n     Na serveru nainstalujte NFS server a vyexportujte slo\u017eku /var/www, tuto slo\u017eku p\u0159ipojte v druh\u00e9m virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm PC\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n     \n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 3'''\n a - Na serveru nainstalujte DHCP server, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i\u0159azovat IP adresy, masku s\u00edt\u011b, defaultn\u00ed router a DNS v\u0161em po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm p\u0159ipojen\u00fdm na rozhran\u00ed enp0s8\n     Na serveru nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache a nastavte provoz na http s modulem userdir\n     Na serveru nainstalujte NFS server a vyexportujte slo\u017eku /var/www, tuto slo\u017eku p\u0159ipojte v druh\u00e9m virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm PC\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 4'''\n a - Na serveru nainstalujte DHCP server, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i\u0159azovat IP adresy, masku s\u00edt\u011b, defaultn\u00ed router a DNS v\u0161em po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm p\u0159ipojen\u00fdm na rozhran\u00ed enp0s8\n     Na serveru nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache a nastavte provoz na http s podporou PHP\n     Na serveru nainstalujte NFS server a vyexportujte slo\u017eku /var/www, tuto slo\u017eku p\u0159ipojte v druh\u00e9m virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm PC\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n '''Zad\u00e1n\u00ed 5'''\n a - Na serveru nainstalujte DHCP server, kter\u00fd bude p\u0159i\u0159azovat IP adresy, masku s\u00edt\u011b, defaultn\u00ed router a DNS v\u0161em po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm p\u0159ipojen\u00fdm na rozhran\u00ed enp0s8\n     Na serveru nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache a nastavte provoz na http s https\n     Na serveru nainstalujte NFS server a vyexportujte slo\u017eku /var/www, tuto slo\u017eku p\u0159ipojte v druh\u00e9m virtu\u00e1ln\u00edm PC\n b - Modifikace zad\u00e1n\u00ed dle pokyn\u016f vyu\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho.\n     <!-- \n\n     -->\n\n=== Des\u00e1t\u00e1 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka ===\nDobr\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky spr\u00e1vce Linuxov\u00e9ho serveru, logov\u00e1n\u00ed stavu slu\u017eeb, automatizov\u00e1n\u00ed administr\u00e1torsk\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed, dohledov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my\n\nCvi\u010den\u00ed:\n* Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fd test\n<br>\n\n== Zad\u00e1n\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu verze A (x.x.2024) ==\n1) Ve virtualiza\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed Virtualbox vytvo\u0159te PC s jedn\u00edm pevn\u00fdm diskem a dv\u011bma s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdmi kartami. Jednu kartu p\u0159ipojte do s\u00edt\u011b NAT a druhou do s\u00edt\u011b \"Host-only network\". Na toto virtualizovan\u00e9 PC nainstalujte aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed OS Linux/Debian v minimalistick\u00e9 verzi, pouze s podporou protokolu SSH (bez XWindows, apod.).<br>\n'''3body'''<br>\n\n2) Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1 karta na rozhran\u00ed NAT dost\u00e1vala IP adresu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm protokolu DHCP (z Virtualboxu) a druh\u00e1 karta bude m\u00edt IP adresu nastavenou staticky. Pro konfiguraci obou rozhran\u00ed vyu\u017eijte standardn\u00ed metody pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v distribuci Debian.<br>\n'''3bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n3) Do virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed t\u0159i pevn\u00e9 disky o kapacit\u011b alespo\u0148 200MB. Z t\u011bchto disk\u016f vytvo\u0159te v syst\u00e9mu RAID kter\u00fd bude odoln\u00fd proti v\u00fdpadku dvou disk\u016f. Na RAID '''vytvo\u0159te jeden odd\u00edl''' a naform\u00e1tujte ho souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4. Tento souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m p\u0159ipojte jako slo\u017eku /home. Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby p\u0159ipojen\u00ed diskov\u00e9ho pole prob\u011bhlo v\u017edy po startu syst\u00e9mu, pro identifikaci raidu pou\u017eijte UUID.<br>\n'''10bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n4) Vytvo\u0159te spustiteln\u00fd skript v jazyce bash, kter\u00fd do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159id\u00e1 definovan\u00fd po\u010det u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f ve tvaru uz001 a\u017e uz###, kde ### bude \u010d\u00edslo zadan\u00e9 jako parametr skriptu. Za\u0159i\u010fte, aby \u010d\u00edslo nemohlo p\u0159es\u00e1hnout 3 cifry. Interpret pro v\u0161echny u\u017eivatele bude /bin/bash a u\u017eivatel\u016fm se vytvo\u0159\u00ed domovsk\u00fd adres\u00e1\u0159 ve slo\u017ece /home. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 budou m\u00edt pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 heslo a budou nuceni si ho po prvn\u00edm p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed zm\u011bnit. Ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli se p\u0159i vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dtu vytvo\u0159\u00ed v domovsk\u00e9 slo\u017ece soubor READ_ME.txt . V\u0161em u\u017eivatel\u016f definujte diskov\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty.<br>\n'''12bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n5) V ko\u0159enov\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i vytvo\u0159te slo\u017eku /projekty. V syst\u00e9mu vytvo\u0159te skupinu projekty a p\u0159idejte do n\u00ed deset u\u017eivatel\u016f. Slo\u017eka /projekty bude umo\u017e\u0148ovat p\u0159\u00edstup (rwx) jen u\u017eivatel\u016fm pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edm do skupiny projekty. Pokud n\u011bkter\u00fd z u\u017eivatel\u016f vytvo\u0159\u00ed v t\u00e9to slo\u017ece soubor, tento bude automaticky pat\u0159it skupin\u011b projekty a nikoli domovsk\u00e9 skupin\u011b u\u017eivatele, kter\u00fd ho vytvo\u0159il. <br>\n'''5bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n6) Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache2 s podporou PHP, https a userdir. <br>\n'''3body'''<br>\n\n7) Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd nastav\u00ed firewall syst\u00e9mu tak, aby defaultn\u00ed politika pro INPUT a OUTPUT na v\u0161ech rozhran\u00edch byla DROP.\n* Povolte do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstup (INPUT, OUTPUT) pro slu\u017ebu SSH (port 22 tcp)a NFS (port 2049 tcp,udp) pouze prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm rozhran\u00ed \u201eHost-only network\u201c.\n* Povolte p\u0159\u00edstup (INPUT, OUTPUT) na http a https ze v\u0161ech rozhran\u00ed a IP adres.\n* Povolte provoz ICMP (INPUT, OUTPUT) na v\u0161ech rozhran\u00edch.\n* Na rozhran\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00e9m k s\u00edti NAT nakonfigurujte p\u0159eklad s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch adres (source nat). \nFunk\u010dnost firewallu demonstrujte.<br>\n* Vytvo\u0159te jednotku pro systemd, kter\u00e9 zavede pravidla firewalu, v\u017edy po startu syst\u00e9mu.<br>\n'''12bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n8) Nainstalujte server DHCP a nakonfigurujte ho tak, aby v s\u00edti Host only network dynamicky p\u0159i\u0159azoval 100 ipv4 adres. Spolu s IP adresou p\u0159ed\u00e1vejte klientsk\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm tak\u00e9 v\u0161echna pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 nastaven\u00ed pro jejich pr\u00e1ci v s\u00edti.\n<br>\n'''8bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n9) Nainstalujte server NFS a vyexportujte slo\u017eku /var/www/html pro v\u0161echny po\u010d\u00edta\u010de v s\u00edti \u201eHost-only network\u201c. Spr\u00e1vnou funkci demonstrujte.<br>\n'''5bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n\n<!--\n== COVID 19 (2020) ==\nVzhledem k nemo\u017enosti po\u0159\u00e1dat p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky na V\u0160B, vytvo\u0159il jsem dv\u011b p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky na youtube. Pros\u00edm omluvte kvalitu, kter\u00e1 nen\u00ed nejlep\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky jsem d\u011blal bez st\u0159ihu, tak\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc na prvn\u00ed dobrou. Tak\u017ee tam najdete chyby, p\u0159e\u0159eky a p\u0159eklepy. Inu jako v m\u00e9 klasick\u00e9 p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce. Pokud by jste m\u011blo n\u011bjak\u00e9 dotazy, pros\u00edm napi\u0161te mi email. T\u00e9mata kter\u00e1 nebyla prob\u00edr\u00e1na ve \u0161kole nebo na videop\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ce nebudou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu.\n\n* Konfigurace s\u00edt\u011b a firewall https://youtu.be/wQtu0qR22rk\n* Konfigurace slu\u017eeb          https://youtu.be/6JZ1JAeTt6Y\n\nPro z\u00e1jemce uv\u00e1d\u00edm i p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky z SUS, jen pro skaln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznivce, nic z toho nebude ve fin\u00e1ln\u00edm testu.\n\n* Syst\u00e9m DNS      https://youtu.be/KaACbGBGmVQ\n* LAMP server     https://youtu.be/rdRy1V8esl0\n* Po\u0161tovn\u00ed server https://youtu.be/BLmeg8O7gGw\n\n\nFin\u00e1ln\u00ed test bude prob\u00edhat ve virtualiza\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed VmWare, provozovan\u00e9m na serverech https://ki-vi-ucebna1.vsb.cz/ a https://ki-vi-ucebna2.vsb.cz/ . SSH p\u0159\u00edstup bude mo\u017en\u00fd skrze servery ki-vi-ucebna1-gw.vsb.cz, ki-vi-ucebna2-gw.vsb.cz . \n\nServery jsou pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed k dispozici od 23.4. V tomto prost\u0159ed\u00ed nem\u016f\u017eete m\u011bnit nastaven\u00ed virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC a ani nem\u016f\u017eete vytv\u00e1\u0159et nov\u00e1 PC. St\u00e1le m\u016f\u017eete jako vzor vyu\u017e\u00edvat virtualizovan\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de na sv\u00fdch soukrom\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch. Pokud m\u00e1te virtualizovan\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de na po\u010dita\u010d\u00edch ve \u0161kole, je mo\u017en\u00e9 si tyto po\u010d\u00edta\u010de st\u00e1hnout prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm scp a serveru linedu.vsb.cz.\n\n'''Fin\u00e1ln\u00ed test 2020'''\n  Testovac\u00ed kolo fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu prob\u011blo bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch technick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f. D\u011bkuji v\u0161em kte\u0159\u00ed se z\u00fa\u010dasnili. Ostr\u00fd fin\u00e1ln\u00ed test prob\u011bhne v \u00fater\u00fd '''5.kv\u011btna 2020 od 8h'''.\n  Op\u011bt p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem testu budou v\u0161echny sou\u010dasn\u00e9 virtu\u00e1ly uvedeny do defaultn\u00e9ho stavu.\n  Test bude ukon\u010den 5.kv\u011btna v 10:30. V tuto dobu v\u0161ichni sv\u00e9 virtu\u00e1ly '''vypnou''' a zapnou je a\u017e p\u0159i kontrole!!!\n  B\u011bhem testu budeme k dispozici na hangouts pro p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed technick\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f.\n  \n  Vyhodnocen\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu bude prob\u00edhat v \u00dat,St a \u010ct dle n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00e9ho harmonogramu. \n  V\u017edy v\u00e1m budeme volat z hangout na v\u00e1\u0161 \u0161koln\u00ed hangouts \u00fa\u010det. Vy n\u00e1m nasd\u00edl\u00edte plochu a budeme se bavit o va\u0161i pr\u00e1ci. Teprve a\u017e na n\u00e1\u0161 pokyn spust\u00edte v\u00e1\u0161 virtu\u00e1l, '''n\u00e9''' d\u0159\u00edve.\n  Pros\u00edm aby jste v dan\u00fd den od 10:30 byli k dispozici na hangouts. Budeme se sna\u017eit v\u00e1m d\u00e1t s p\u0159edstihem v\u011bd\u011bt zhruba kdy se na v\u00e1s dostane.\n\n'''Opravn\u00fd term\u00edn fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu 2020'''\n  Opravn\u00fd term\u00edn prob\u011bhne 26.5.2020 od 8:00 za stejn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek jako test prvn\u00ed.\n\n\nZkou\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed David Seidl\n  '''5.kv\u011btna od 10:30''' BAU0027 BOH0124 BYS0043 CEC0123 DED0057 DOS0161 EIS0011 FAR0065 FIA0065 \n  '''6.kv\u011btna od 10:30''' FOU0021 HAN0261 HEC0051 HLA0188 HLA0190 HLO0046 HRO0078 CHO0177 CHU0077\n  '''7.kv\u011btna od 10:30''' JAN0673 JUR0355 KIE0021 KLU0096 KOU0147 KOZ0265 KRI0255 KRU0141 KRU0142\n\nZkou\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed Jan Ko\u017eusznik\n  '''5.kv\u011btna od 10:30''' KUB0506 KUR0140 MAC0440 MAC0463 MAI0037 MIK0378 MIN0105 MIN0110 MIT0042\n  '''6.kv\u011btna od 10:30''' MOR0157 NEV0056 PAP0081 POS0215 POT0053 PTA0047 SKR0109 SLI0094 SLI0095\n  '''7.kv\u011btna od 10:30''' STE0327 STI0074 SUT0018 SZK0024 TRE0059 VAL0322 VRO0022 ZAJ0098 ZUR0037\n\n-->\n\n<!--\n\n== Zad\u00e1n\u00ed vzorov\u00e9 verze fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu (30.4.2020 8-11hod) ==\n1) P\u0159ihlaste se do virtualiza\u010dn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed VmWare a ve sv\u00e9m virtualizovan\u00e9m po\u010d\u00edta\u010di nainstalujte OS Linux/Debian 10 v minimalistick\u00e9 verzi, pouze s podporou protokolu SSH (bez XWindows, apod.). Instalaci prove\u010fte na disk sda. Instala\u010dn\u00ed CD je k po\u010d\u00edta\u010di ji\u017e p\u0159ipojeno<br>\n'''3body'''<br><br>\n\n2) Ve virtualizovan\u00e9m PC vyu\u017eijte disky sdb, sdc a sdd. Z t\u011bchto disk\u016f vytvo\u0159te v syst\u00e9mu RAID, kter\u00fd bude odoln\u00fd proti v\u00fdpadku jednoho disku. Na tomto RAID poli '''vytvo\u0159te jeden odd\u00edl''' a ten naform\u00e1tujte souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4. Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby se odd\u00edl vytvo\u0159en\u00fd na RAID poli p\u0159ipojoval jako slo\u017eka /home/raid po startu syst\u00e9my. Vyu\u017eijte standardn\u00ed syst\u00e9movou konfiguraci. <br>\n'''10bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n3) Vytvo\u0159te spustiteln\u00fd skript v jazyce bash, kter\u00fd do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159id\u00e1 100 u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f. Loginy budou ucet00 a\u017e ucet99, interpret pro v\u0161echny u\u017eivatele bude /bin/bash a u\u017eivatel\u016fm se vytvo\u0159\u00ed domovsk\u00fd adres\u00e1\u0159 ve slo\u017ece /home. Jako parametr skriptu bude mo\u017en\u00e9 zadat defaultn\u00ed heslo pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00e9 u\u017eivatele. Skript otestuje zdali je heslo del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 5 znak\u016f. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nebude zadan\u00fd parametr, bude heslo pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9. V\u0161em u\u017eivatel\u016f definujte diskov\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty.<br>\n'''12bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n4) V adres\u00e1\u0159i /home vytvo\u0159te slo\u017eku /vsichni. V syst\u00e9mu vytvo\u0159te skupinu vsichni a p\u0159idejte do n\u00ed 10 u\u017eivatel\u016f. Slo\u017eka /home/vsichni bude umo\u017e\u0148ovat p\u0159\u00edstup jen u\u017eivatel\u016fm pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edm do skupiny vsichni. Pokud n\u011bkter\u00fd z u\u017eivatel\u016f vytvo\u0159\u00ed v t\u00e9to slo\u017ece soubor, tento bude automaticky pat\u0159it skupin\u011b vsichni a nikoli skupin\u011b u\u017eivatele, kter\u00fd ho vytvo\u0159il. <br>\n'''5bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n5) Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache2 s podporou PHP a SSL. Pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt konzolov\u00fd webov\u00fd prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d 'lynx' spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd se serveru ki-vi-ucebna1-gw \u010di ki-vi-ucebna2-gw. Zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u016f\u017eou pou\u017e\u00edt utilitu simpleproxy na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch portech.<br>\n'''3body'''<br><br>\n\n6) Nainstalujte server MySQL/MariaDB a zprovozn\u011bte software MediaWiki <br>\n'''8bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n7) Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd nastav\u00ed firewall syst\u00e9mu tak, aby defaultn\u00ed politika pro OUTPUT byla DROP. \n* Povolte do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstup pro slu\u017ebu SSH pouze z definovan\u00fdch IP adres.\n* Povolte p\u0159\u00edstup na http a https z libovoln\u00e9 IP adresy. \n* Povolte provoz ICMP na v\u0161ech rozhran\u00edch.  \nFunk\u010dnost firewallu demonstrujte.\n*Vytvo\u0159te jednotku, kter\u00e9 zavede pravidla firewalu, v\u017edy po startu syst\u00e9mu. (Navyu\u017e\u00edvejte standardn\u00ed iptables-persistent)<br>\n'''12bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n8) Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce bash. Tento skript se bude automaticky spou\u0161t\u011bt ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u0161edn\u00ed den o p\u016flnoci a o v\u00edkendu ve dv\u011b r\u00e1no. \nSkript po sv\u00e9 spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vytvo\u0159\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159 /backup pokud je\u0161t\u011b neexistuje v tomto adres\u00e1\u0159i vytvo\u0159\u00ed soubor jeho\u017e n\u00e1zev bude odpov\u00eddat datu. Do tohoto souboru bude postupn\u011b pomoc\u00ed utility 'tar' z\u00e1lohov\u00e1ny jednotliv\u00e9 slo\u017eky v adres\u00e1\u0159i /home. Pokud bude v z\u00e1lohovan\u00e9 slo\u017ece soubor s n\u00e1zvem no_backup, tak se tato slo\u017eka z\u00e1lohovat nebude. Skript zajist\u00ed maz\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eek se z\u00e1lohama star\u0161\u00edch 5 dn\u016f.<br>\n'''8bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n-->\n\n== Zad\u00e1n\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu verze B (x.x.2024)==\n1) Ve virtualiza\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed Virtualbox vytvo\u0159te PC s jedn\u00edm pevn\u00fdm diskem a dv\u011bma s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdmi kartami. Jednu kartu p\u0159ipojte do s\u00edt\u011b NAT a druhou do s\u00edt\u011b \"Host-only network\". Na toto virtualizovan\u00e9 PC nainstalujte aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed OS Linux/Debian v minimalistick\u00e9 verzi, pouze s podporou protokolu SSH (bez XWindows, apod.).<br>\n'''3body'''<br>\n\n2) Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1 karta na rozhran\u00ed NAT dost\u00e1vala IP adresu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm protokolu DHCP (z Virtualboxu) a druh\u00e1 karta bude m\u00edt IP adresu nastavenou pevn\u011b. Pro konfiguraci obou rozhran\u00ed vyu\u017eijte standardn\u00ed metody pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v distribuci Debian.<br>\n'''3body'''<br>\n\n3) Do virtualizovan\u00e9ho PC p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i pevn\u00e9 disky o kapacit\u011b alespo\u0148 200MB. Z t\u011bchto disk\u016f vytvo\u0159te v syst\u00e9mu RAID, kter\u00fd bude odoln\u00fd proti v\u00fdpadku jednoho disku. Na tomto RAID poli '''vytvo\u0159te jeden odd\u00edl''' a ten naform\u00e1tujte souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4. Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby se odd\u00edl vytvo\u0159en\u00fd na RAID poli p\u0159ipojoval jako slo\u017eka /home po startu syst\u00e9mu. Vyu\u017eijte standardn\u00ed syst\u00e9movou konfiguraci, pro identifikaci raidu pou\u017eijte UUID. <br>\n'''10bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n4) Vytvo\u0159te spustiteln\u00fd skript v jazyce bash, kter\u00fd do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159id\u00e1 100 u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f. Loginy budou user00 a\u017e user99, interpret pro v\u0161echny u\u017eivatele bude /bin/bash a u\u017eivatel\u016fm se vytvo\u0159\u00ed domovsk\u00fd adres\u00e1\u0159 ve slo\u017ece /home. Jako parametr skriptu bude mo\u017en\u00e9 zadat defaultn\u00ed heslo pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00e9 u\u017eivatele. Skript otestuje zdali je heslo del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 5 znak\u016f. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nebude zadan\u00fd parametr, bude heslo pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9. V\u0161em u\u017eivatel\u016f definujte diskov\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty.<br>\n'''12bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n5) V adres\u00e1\u0159i /home vytvo\u0159te slo\u017eku /studenti. V syst\u00e9mu vytvo\u0159te skupinu studenti a p\u0159idejte do n\u00ed 10 u\u017eivatel\u016f. Slo\u017eka /home/studenti bude umo\u017e\u0148ovat p\u0159\u00edstup jen u\u017eivatel\u016fm pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edm do skupiny studenti (rwx). Pokud n\u011bkter\u00fd z u\u017eivatel\u016f vytvo\u0159\u00ed v t\u00e9to slo\u017ece soubor, tento bude automaticky pat\u0159it skupin\u011b studenti a nikoli skupin\u011b u\u017eivatele, kter\u00fd ho vytvo\u0159il. <br>\n'''5bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n6) Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache2 s podporou PHP a SSL.<br>\n'''3body'''<br>\n\n7) Nainstalujte server MySQL/MariaDB a zprovozn\u011bte software MediaWiki <br>\n'''8bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n8) Na server nainstalujte DHCP server a nakonfigurujte ho tak, aby dynamicky p\u0159i\u0159azoval 50 IP adres do s\u00edt\u011b Host only network. Spolu s IP adresou budou po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm zas\u00edl\u00e1na tak\u00e9 ve\u0161ker\u00e1 pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1 konfigurace. <br>\n'''8bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n9) Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd nastav\u00ed firewall syst\u00e9mu tak, aby defaultn\u00ed politika pro OUTPUT byla DROP. \n* Povolte do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstup (INPUT, OUTPUT) pro slu\u017ebu SSH pouze z definovan\u00fdch IP adres.\n* Povolte p\u0159\u00edstup (INPUT, OUTPUT) na http a https z libovoln\u00e9 IP adresy. \n* Povolte provoz ICMP na v\u0161ech rozhran\u00edch. \n* Nastavte p\u0159eklad zdrojov\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch adres na rozhran\u00ed enp0s3. \nFunk\u010dnost firewallu demonstrujte.\n*Vytvo\u0159te jednotku, kter\u00e9 zavede pravidla firewalu, v\u017edy po startu syst\u00e9mu.<br>\n'''12bod\u016f'''<br>\n\n\n<!--\n Ve virtualiza\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed Virtualbox vytvo\u0159te nov\u00fd po\u0159\u00edta\u010d s jednou s\u00ed\u0165ovou kartou a jedn\u00edm diskem.\n 1) Na disk nainstalujte distribuci OS Linux Debian, pro ko\u0159enov\u00fd adres\u00e1\u0159 pou\u017eijte cel\u00fd disk a souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m ext4\n 2) Do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159idejte dal\u0161\u00ed disk a namountujte ho jako adres\u00e1\u0159 /home a pou\u017eijte souborov\u00fd syst\u00e9m ext3\n 3) Vytvo\u0159te 10tis u\u017eivatel\u016f a jejich domovsk\u00fdch adres\u00e1\u0159\u016f, jejich jm\u00e9na budou generov\u00e1na ve tvaru pppccc kde ppp je mal\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno od aaa a\u017e po zzz a ppp je \u010d\u00edslo od 000 do 999.\n 5) U\u017eivatel\u016fm nastavte rozumnou quotu\n 6) Na serveru spus\u0165te LAMP server, tak aby ka\u017ed\u00e9mu u\u017eivateli umo\u017enil prezentovat sv\u00e9 webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky ze sv\u00e9ho domovsk\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e ve slo\u017ece ~/public_html\n 7) Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd bude pravideln\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd den kontrolovat zapln\u011bn\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch slo\u017eek v domovsk\u00e9m adres\u00e1\u0159i a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u017ee se bude bl\u00ed\u017eit p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00e9 quoty \n    zap\u00ed\u0161e tomuto u\u017eivateli do jeho domovsk\u00e9ho adres\u00e1\u0159e soubor s n\u00e1zvem: \"Blizi_se_prekroceni_quoty\".\n-->\n\n<!--\n\n== Zad\u00e1n\u00ed fin\u00e1ln\u00edho testu (1.6.2020 8:00-10:30) ==\n\nZad\u00e1n\u00ed bude zve\u0159ejn\u011bno v dob\u011b kon\u00e1n\u00ed testu.\n\n Va\u0161e virtualizovan\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de budou 1.6 v 7:30 vypnuty a uvedeny do defaultn\u00edho stavu!!! V\u0161echna data se t\u00edmto ztrat\u00ed.\n Po\u010d\u00edta\u010de zapn\u011bte v 8:00 a pracujte na nich dle zad\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00ed\u017ee. V 10:30 budou v\u0161echny po\u010d\u00edta\u010de administrativn\u011b vypnuty. Doporu\u010duji aby jste si je vypnuli sami ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve.\n Po skon\u010den\u00ed testu V\u00e1m budu postupn\u011b volat p\u0159es google hangout na v\u00e1\u0161 \u0161koln\u00ed google \u00fa\u010det. Obh\u00e1j\u00edte svou pr\u00e1ci a dostanete z\u00e1po\u010det (v ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b).\n Probl\u00e9my \u0159e\u0161te se mnou p\u0159es hangout.\n \n ''' B\u011bhem testu m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edvat libovoln\u00e9 zdroje, pouze je zak\u00e1z\u00e1na online komunikace.'''\n ''' Uv\u011bdomte si \u017ee jste p\u0159ipojeni na \u0161koln\u00ed VPN a my m\u00e1me n\u00e1stroje jak p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 podvodn\u00edky odhalit.''' \n\n ''' !!! MEZI 10:30 a na\u0161\u00edm telefon\u00e1tem bude va\u0161e virtualizovan\u00e9 PC st\u00e1le vypnut\u00e9 !!!''' \n\n\n1) P\u0159ihlaste se do virtualiza\u010dn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed VmWare a ve sv\u00e9m virtualizovan\u00e9m po\u010d\u00edta\u010di nainstalujte OS Linux/Debian 10 v minimalistick\u00e9 verzi, pouze s podporou protokolu SSH (bez XWindows, apod.). Instalaci prove\u010fte na disk sda. Instala\u010dn\u00ed CD je k po\u010d\u00edta\u010di ji\u017e p\u0159ipojeno<br>\n'''2body'''<br><br>\n\n2) Ve virtualizovan\u00e9m PC vyu\u017eijte disky sdb, sdc a sdd. Z t\u011bchto disk\u016f vytvo\u0159te v syst\u00e9mu RAID, kter\u00fd bude odoln\u00fd proti v\u00fdpadku jednoho disku a p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e '''ne'''bude pou\u017eit disk jako \"hork\u00e1\" z\u00e1loha. . Na tomto RAID poli '''vytvo\u0159te jeden odd\u00edl''' a ten naform\u00e1tujte souborov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem ext4. Nakonfigurujte syst\u00e9m tak, aby se odd\u00edl vytvo\u0159en\u00fd na RAID poli p\u0159ipojoval jako slo\u017eku /home/ po startu syst\u00e9my. Vyu\u017eijte standardn\u00ed syst\u00e9movou konfiguraci. <br>\n'''10bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n3) Vytvo\u0159te spustiteln\u00fd skript v jazyce bash, kter\u00fd do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159id\u00e1 50 u\u017eivatelsk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dt\u016f. Loginy budou usr00 a\u017e usr49, interpret pro v\u0161echny u\u017eivatele bude /bin/bash a u\u017eivatel\u016fm se vytvo\u0159\u00ed domovsk\u00fd adres\u00e1\u0159 ve slo\u017ece /home. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 budou m\u00edt jednotn\u00e9 defaultn\u00ed heslo a po prvn\u00edm p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed bude syst\u00e9m vy\u017eadovat zm\u011bnu hesla. V\u0161em u\u017eivatel\u016f definujte diskov\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty.<br>\n'''10bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n4) V adres\u00e1\u0159i /home vytvo\u0159te slo\u017eku ''/home/sdileni''. V syst\u00e9mu vytvo\u0159te skupinu '''sdileni''' a p\u0159idejte do n\u00ed v\u0161echny u\u017eivatele se sud\u00fdm \u010d\u00edslem v loginu. Slo\u017eka ''/home/sdileni'' bude umo\u017e\u0148ovat pln\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup jen u\u017eivatel\u016fm pat\u0159\u00edc\u00edm do skupiny sdilenu. Pokud n\u011bkter\u00fd z u\u017eivatel\u016f vytvo\u0159\u00ed v t\u00e9to slo\u017ece soubor, tento bude automaticky pat\u0159it skupin\u011b '''sdileni''' a nikoli domovsk\u00e9 skupin\u011b u\u017eivatele, kter\u00fd ho vytvo\u0159il. <br>\n'''4bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n5) Nainstalujte webov\u00fd server Apache2 s podporou PHP, SSL a userdir. Pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt konzolov\u00fd webov\u00fd prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d 'lynx' spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd se serveru ''linedu.vsb.cz'',  ''ki-vi-ucebna1-gw.vsb.cz'' nebo ''ki-vi-ucebna2-gw.vsb.cz''. Zku\u0161en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u016f\u017eou pou\u017e\u00edt utilitu simpleproxy na vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch portech.<br>\n'''2body'''<br><br>\n\n6) Nainstalujte server '''MySQL/MariaDB''' a zprovozn\u011bte software '''MediaWiki''' a to v\u010detn\u011b instalace MediaWiki<br>\n'''6bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n7) Vytvo\u0159te skript, kter\u00fd nastav\u00ed firewall syst\u00e9mu tak, aby defaultn\u00ed politika pro INPUT i OUTPUT byla DROP. \n* Povolte do syst\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstup pro slu\u017ebu SSH pouze z definovan\u00fdch IP adres (vyberte n\u011bkolik adres kde to bude mo\u017en\u00e9 otestovat).\n* Povolte p\u0159\u00edstup na http a https z libovoln\u00e9 IP adresy ze \u0161koln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b (158.196.0.0/16). \n* Povolte provoz ICMP na v\u0161ech rozhran\u00edch.  \nFunk\u010dnost firewallu demonstrujte.\n*Vytvo\u0159te jednotku, kter\u00e9 zavede pravidla firewalu, v\u017edy po startu syst\u00e9mu. (Nevyu\u017e\u00edvejte standardn\u00ed iptables-persistent)<br>\n'''10bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n8) Vytvo\u0159te skript v jazyce bash. Tento skript se bude automaticky spou\u0161t\u011bt ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u0161edn\u00ed den o p\u016flnoci a o v\u00edkendu ve dv\u011b r\u00e1no. \nSkript po sv\u00e9m spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vytvo\u0159\u00ed adres\u00e1\u0159 /backup (pokud je\u0161t\u011b neexistuje). V tomto adres\u00e1\u0159i vytvo\u0159\u00ed soubor jeho\u017e n\u00e1zev bude odpov\u00eddat datu. Do tohoto souboru bude postupn\u011b pomoc\u00ed utility ''tar'' z\u00e1lohovat jednotliv\u00e9 slo\u017eky v adres\u00e1\u0159i /home. Pokud bude v z\u00e1lohovan\u00e9 slo\u017ece soubor s n\u00e1zvem no_backup, tak se tato slo\u017eka z\u00e1lohovat nebude. Skript zajist\u00ed maz\u00e1n\u00ed slo\u017eek se z\u00e1lohami star\u0161\u00edch 5 dn\u016f.<br>\n'''6bod\u016f'''<br><br>\n\n-->\n\n== Zm\u011bna jazyka v konzole ==\n\nV distribuc\u00edch odvozen\u00fdch od Debianu lze zm\u011bnit jazyk a kl\u00e1vesnici v konzole n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:\n\n ''dpkg-reconfigure locales''       # vybrat kodovani cs_CZ... a en_US...., vybrat default, pro UTF je to skoro jedno.\n ''dpkg-reconfigure console-setup'' # vybrat UTF8, Latin2, font a jeho velikost\n ''dpkg-reconfigure console-data''  # vybrat klavesnici\n \n Pokud nem\u00e1te k dispozici ''console-data'' tak je nainstalujete pomoc\u00ed  ''apt-get install console-data''\n\n== O humor nen\u00ed u tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ka nouze ==\n\nJeliko\u017e by jste ji\u017e m\u011bli b\u00fdt znal\u00fd v\u011bt\u0161iny Linuxov\u00fdch f\u00edgl\u016f. Zde p\u0159\u00edkl\u00e1d\u00e1m p\u00e1r veselost\u00ed, kter\u00fdma se Linux\u00e1ci bav\u00ed.<br>\nPokud v\u00e1m bude n\u011bjak\u00fd program chyb\u011bt, tak ho nainstalujte ''apt-get install '''chybejici-program''' '' , samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pod rootem nebo se sudo na za\u010d\u00e1tku (plat\u00ed pro distribuci Debian a jeho klony).\n\n'''Ma\u0161inka'''\n  # sl\n\n'''Zak\u0159i\u010dte si v p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1dku'''\n  # figlet Linux\n\n'''Zak\u0159i\u010dte si barevn\u011b p\u0159\u00edkazov\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1dku'''\n  # toilet -f mono12 -F metal Linux\n\n'''Kr\u00e1va \u0159\u00edk\u00e1'''\n  # cowsay Linux\n  \n  # for i in /usr/share/cowsay/cows/*; do cowsay -f $i $i; sleep 5; done\n\n'''Moudra'''\n  # fortune\n  \n  # fortune | cowsay\n\n'''Popov\u00eddejte si'''\n  # aptitude moo\n  # aptitude -v moo\n  # aptitude -vv moo\n  # aptitude -vvv moo\n  # ...\n  # ...\n\n'''Koukn\u011bte na konec helpu'''\n  # aptitude -h\n  # apt-get  -h\n\n'''Pozadu'''\n  # echo Ahoj | rev\n\n'''Matrix'''\n  # cmatrix\n\n'''Obr\u00e1zky'''\n  # jp2a *.jpg\n\n'''A co film'''\n  # vlc -V aa film.*\n\n'''Ko\u010di\u010dka'''\n  # oneko\n\n'''Ho\u0159\u00ed...'''\n  # apt-get install libaa-bin\n  # aafire"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "9": {
                "pageid": 9,
                "ns": 0,
                "title": "SOS(en)",
                "revisions": [
                    {
                        "contentformat": "text/x-wiki",
                        "contentmodel": "wikitext",
                        "*": "== Literature ==\n\n* http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/linuxfun.pdf\n* http://www.tldp.org\n* http://www.comptechdoc.org\n* https://www.debian.org/\n\nYou can find much information on the internet, use Google\n\n= Lesson 1 (Linux history, Virtualbox, Debian instalation) =\nInstall Virtualbox (www.virtualbox.org) on your computer or use Virtualbox on computer in class.\n\n* Working with Virtualbox software [https://www.virtualbox.org/].\n# I recommend reading the documentation for this program.\n# If you work on a school PC, request an increase in user quota from the trainer.\n\n* Installation of the Debian distribution in a virtualized environment [http://www.debian.org/] [http://www.debian.cz/].\n# In the home directory, download the iso file with the current installer of the distributed Debin version netinstal <br><br>[https://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst https://www.debian.org/distrib/netinst] for systems with an amd64 processor (i386 is probably history).\n# If you are working on your own laptop, I strongly recommend using DVD iso files [https://www.debian.org/CD/http-ftp/#stable] for installation. In case of high WiFi load, the installation using 'netinstal' is very tedious.\n# Create a new virtual machine named Debian, type Linux, version Debian\n# A minimum amount of memory is sufficient to install a virtual PC\n# Create a virtual hard disk of type VDI or VMDK, Dynamically allocated with a size of 8GB\n# Switch to the Global Tools menu and create a new network interface named 'vboxnet0', leave the settings as default.\n# Select two network cards for the virtual PC, set the first to NAT status and the second to 'Host only adapter' status (In the Virtualbox menu in File->Preferences->Network->H.only networks, there must be at least one hostonly network )\n# Run the created virtualized computer and set the downloaded iso file as a CD\n# Run the installation of the Debian distribution in a text environment (the graphical installer tends to be slower)\n## For installation, I recommend choosing the English language, you can choose Czech as well, the location ''Czech Republic'' and the keyboard as you like\n## To connect to the network, choose the interface included in the NAT network, typically enp0s3\n## Choose the name of the computer, enter the domain (I recommend vsb.cz), the password for the root user and create a regular user and also enter the password for him.\n## Partition the disk, choose Assisted - use the entire disk, select a virtual disk, put all the files in one area and write the changes to the disk.\n## If the installation process asks for another CD, ignore this question if you are installing from 'CD netinstall'. If installing from a complete DVD set, scan the other DVDs as well.\n## Set up a package manager for the Czech Republic, from the ftp.cz.debian.org server, without a proxy server.\n## You don't have to join the package popularity survey.\n## Select the SSH Server program to install and '''deselect''' all other tools.\n## Please do not install the GUI. It doesn't belong on the server.\n## Choose to install the GRUB bootloader in the main boot entry to the /dev/sda device\n## Finish the installation, start your Debian and login as root or regular user\n## To 'revive' the second network card, enter in your Debian under the root user: ''dhclient enp0s8'', this interface will get an IP address and you can connect to the virtual PC via SSH protocol, you can find out what IP address your virtual PC got by command ''ip address''\n\n* Basic commands for working in the command line [http://wiki.ubuntu.cz/z%C3%A1kladn%C3%AD_p%C5%99%C3%ADkazy] [http://www.abclinuxu.cz/blog/ kibo/2006/5/command-line]\n# Log in to your Debian and try out all the basic command line commands.\n# For all other work, it is necessary to be able to handle basic operations in the command line. Above all, creating, deleting, copying and moving files or folders, moving in the directory structure. For further work, it is also necessary to be able to use at least one text editor.\n# For beginners, I recommend installing Midnight Commander into the system using the ''apt install mc'' command.\n\n\nDownload iso file with network installation of debian distribution of GNU/Linux. (www.debian.org)\n\n'''Practise'''\n\n Install debian on your virtual PC identically as in lecture.\n\n= Lesson 2 (Bash script) =\n* Linux and command line. http://linuxcommand.org\n* Basic linux command https://maker.pro/education/basic-linux-commands-for-beginners\n* http://www.comptechdoc.org/os/linux/usersguide/linux_ugbasics.html\n\n'''Practise'''\n\n On your server in the /opt/SOS/villages/ directory create a directory structure where the directory name will match the names of all villages in the Czech Republic \n whose name contains \"ova\" and does not contain the word \"Nova\". Replace any spaces with underscores. \n List of villages in text form can be found here: http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/seznam-obci-cr.txt\n\n* BASH programming http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO.html\n* Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/\n* Bash Scripting Tutorial https://ryanstutorials.net/bash-scripting-tutorial/\n\n'''Practise'''\n\n On your server in the /opt/SOS/post/ directory, create a directory structure where the name of the directories will match the names of all the post offices\n in the Czech Republic whose     phone number contains a 5 digit and does not contain a pocket of numbers 55. Replace any spaces with underscores.\n You can find a list of Czech postal text here: http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/posty.csv.txt\n \n >>> \"Praha 10\";\"10000\";\"Cernokostelecka 2020/20, Praha\";\"'''274774998'''\";\"274776503\";\"B\" <<< phone number is bold\n \n In each folder, create a text file with any name. In the file, list all names of the post offices in the Czech Republic with the same number of letters as the current folder name.\n\n\n= Lesson 3 (init process, systemd) =\n* https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/\n* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd\n* https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/\n\n'''Practise'''\n Create a bash script and service for systemd. The script scans all the subdirectories in the /home folder. \n If it finds a file whose name ends in * .backup, it moves this file to the /backup directory. Use ''find'' to search.\n\n'''Practise'''\n Create a bash script and service for systemd. The script finds the size of all directories in the / home folder. \n If the size of one of the directories is larger than 1kB, a file named \"THE_MAX_FILE_SIZE_HAS_BEEN_EXCEEDED\" \n will be placed in this folder.\n\n= Lesson 4 (hard disks management, RAID) =\n* https://www.techradar.com/how-to/computing/everything-you-need-to-know-about-linux-commands-1321955/3\n* https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/mounting-hard-disks-partitions-using-linux-command-line/\n* https://raid.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/RAID_setup\n* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_RAID_levels\n\n'''Practise'''\n Add another four SATA drives to your virtualized PC. Create a RAID 5 with one spare disk above them.\n \n Create file system ext4 on raid a mount raid to  /home folder. Copy all data. \n Modify the / etc / fstab file so that the raid connection to the / home automatically happens after the system starts.\n \n Try set one disk from raid as demage, and check if raid work correctly.\n\n= Lesson 5 (user management, file permissions, disk quota) =\n* https://linux.die.net/man/8/adduser\n* https://www.computerhope.com/unix/adduser.htm\n* https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-enable-user-and-group-quotas\n* https://www.pluralsight.com/blog/it-ops/linux-file-permissions\n\nTest user file: http://seidl.cs.vsb.cz/download/jmena.txt\n\n'''Practise'''\n Create a script that creates 50 users in your virtualized PC.\n Generate and set the primary password for each user.\n After the first user logon, please force a new password.\n Define disk quotas for all newly created users.\n\n= Lesson 6 (networking, iptables) =\n* https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkConfiguration\n* https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch05\n* https://wiki.debian.org/iptables\n\n'''Practise'''\n Configure your virtual machine so that the \"hostonly\" interface receives a static IP address after the PC restarts.\n \n Create a startup script that initializes the firewall using iptables.\n The default policy for INPUT will be DROP.\n Disable all traffic to the server (INPUT), enable only tcp port ports 80 and 443.\n Only enable port 22 from defined IPs from any interface.\n \n Configure SNAT for all packets coming out of the enp0s3 interface.\n\n= Lesson 7 (LAMP, DHCP, NFS) =\nInstall MySQL in debian\n https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/apt/\n https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-apt-repo-quick-guide/en/\n\n https://httpd.apache.org/\n https://www.isc.org/downloads/dhcp/\n http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/ar01s03.html\n\n\n'''Practise'''\n  Install on your virtual PC LAMP server and run Mediawiki.\n\n\n== Final Test ==\n<!--\nA typical final test looks like this:\n\n * Create clear virtual PC\n * install Debian 9 on virtual PC as small installation (insrtall only ssh package during installation proces)\n * Add next 3(4) disks and create RAID1(5) with or without SpareDisk\n * Format the Raid as EXT4 file system, and mount the RAID as /home directory (correctly edit file /etc/fstab)\n * Write script an bash language, create 100 users, with default pasword a add user quota for all new users\n * Create group \u201cstudent\u201d and add 5 users to this group\n * Create directory with all permission for group student\n * Install LAMP server, and run Mediawiki\n * Write script in bash language, set firewall in this script, set default policy in INPUT chain as DROP,\n   enable connection to the web server only from 255 defined address\n * Create service Firewall and start your script with previous item after computer started\n-->\n\nMinimum points from Final test is 30. Maximum is 50. <br>\nYou can use all information source  (webpage, own notes, books). <br>\nPlease, during the test '''do not use''' any online communication! <br>\nThe test lasts 2 hours.<br>\n<br>\n\n= Final Test version A =\n * ( 5p) Create clear virtual PC and install actual distribution of Debian on virtual PC as small installation (install only ssh package during installation proces)\n * (10p) Add next 3 disks and create RAID1 with one SpareDisk\n * ( 5p) Format the Raid as EXT4 file system, and mount the RAID as /home directory (correctly edit file /etc/fstab)\n * (10p) Write script an bash language, create 100 users, with default pasword a add user quota for all new users\n * ( 5p) Create group \u201cshare\u201d and add 5 users to this group\n * ( 5p) Create directory /share with all permission for group share and set no permission for others\n * (10p) Install LAMP server, and run Mediawiki\n * (10p) Write script in bash language, set firewall in this script, set default policy in INPUT chain as DROP,\n         enable connection to the web server only from defined network\n * ( 5p) Create service Firewall for systemd and start your script with previous item after computer started\n\n= Final Test version B =\n * ( 5p) Create clear virtual PC and install current distribution of Debian on virtual PC as small installation (install only ssh package during installation proces)\n * (10p) Add next 3 disks and create RAID5 without one SpareDisk\n * ( 5p) Format the Raid as EXT4 file system, and mount the RAID as /home directory (correctly edit file /etc/fstab)\n * (10p) Write script an bash language, create 100 users, with clear pasword a add user quota for all new users\n * ( 5p) Create group \u201cstudent\u201d and add 5 users to this group\n * ( 5p) Create directory /student with all permission for group student and set no permission for others\n * (10p) Install LAMP server, and run Mediawiki\n * (10p) Write script in bash language, set firewall in this script, set default policy in OUTPUT chain as DROP,\n         enable connection to the web server only from 10 defined address\n * ( 5p) Create service Firewall and start your script with previous item after computer started"
                    }
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}